摘 要
随着城市化进程的加速，当代都市题材小说成为反映社会现实与民众生活的重要文学形式。本研究旨在探讨此类小说的社会批判功能，通过梳理近三十年来具有代表性的都市题材作品，分析其对社会现象的呈现方式及深度思考。研究采用文本细读法与社会学批评相结合的方式，选取了包括王安忆《长恨歌》、池莉《烦恼人生》等在内的多部经典作品作为研究对象，通过对文本中人物命运、社会环境描写以及叙事结构的剖析，揭示作家如何借助虚构故事传达对现实问题的关注。研究发现，当代都市小说不仅记录了城市化进程中人们生活方式的变化，更深入挖掘了隐藏在表象之下的社会矛盾，如阶层固化、人际关系疏离等问题。这些作品往往以细腻的笔触描绘普通市民的生活百态，在展现个体困境的同时，也表达了对理想社会形态的追求。本研究创新性地将文学批评与社会学理论相融合，为理解当代中国社会变迁提供了新的视角，丰富了都市文学的研究维度，也为相关领域的学术探讨提供了有益参考。
关键词：都市题材小说；社会批判；文本细读；阶层固化；人际关系疏离
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, contemporary urban-themed novels have become an important literary form for reflecting social realities and people's lives. This study aims to explore the social critique function of such novels by examining representative urban-themed works over the past three decades, analyzing their modes of representation and depth of reflection on social phenomena. Employing a combination of close reading and sociological criticism, this research selects multiple classic works, including Wang Anyi’s "The Song of Everlasting Sorrow" and Chi Li’s "A Troublesome Life," as case studies. Through an analysis of character development, depictions of social environments, and narrative structures within these texts, it reveals how authors convey their concerns about real-world issues through fictional narratives. The findings indicate that contemporary urban novels not only document changes in lifestyle during the urbanization process but also delve into underlying social contradictions, such as social stratification and alienation in interpersonal relationships. These works often depict the multifaceted lives of ordinary citizens with meticulous detail, highlighting individual predicaments while expressing aspirations for an ideal societal form. Innovatively integrating literary criticism with sociological theory, this study provides a new perspective for understanding contemporary Chinese social transformations, enriches the dimensions of urban literature research, and offers valuable references for academic discussions in related fields.
Keywords：Urban Fiction；Social Criticism；Close Reading；Social Stratification；Interpersonal Alienation
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 当代都市小说的批判视角 2
1.1 都市生活的表象与本质 2
1.2 批判视角的理论基础 2
1.3 小说中的社会矛盾呈现 3
第二章 人际关系的异化批判 4
2.1 异化的表现形式 4
2.2 人际疏离的深层原因 4
2.3 批判中的人性回归 5
第三章 消费文化的深度剖析 7
3.1 消费文化的符号意义 7
3.2 物质主义的价值反思 7
3.3 精神空虚的批判表达 8
第四章 社会公平的文学审视 10
4.1 公平缺失的现象描写 10
4.2 权力结构的隐喻揭示 10
4.3 追求公正的理想诉求 11
结 论 13
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
