摘 要
杜甫作为唐代现实主义诗歌的代表人物，其作品深刻反映了社会变迁与民生疾苦，具有重要的文学和历史价值。本研究以杜甫诗歌中的现实主义精神为核心，探讨其在社会批判、人文关怀及艺术表达方面的独特贡献。研究基于文献分析法与文本细读法，结合唐代社会背景，系统梳理了杜甫诗歌中对战争、贫富差距及政治腐败等问题的深刻揭示，同时考察了其通过具体意象与情感抒发实现现实主义表达的艺术手法。研究表明，杜甫的现实主义精神不仅体现在对社会现实的直接描绘上，更在于其超越时代的忧患意识与道德责任感。本研究的创新点在于将杜甫的现实主义精神置于更广泛的文化语境中进行解读，强调其对后世文学创作的深远影响，并提出“诗史合一”作为理解杜甫诗歌现实主义精神的关键视角。研究结论认为，杜甫的现实主义精神不仅是唐代社会的真实写照，更是中国文学传统中人文关怀与社会责任感的重要体现，为当代文学创作提供了宝贵的借鉴意义。
关键词：杜甫；现实主义精神；社会批判；人文关怀；诗史合一
Abstract
Du Fu, as a representative figure of realistic poetry in the Tang Dynasty, profoundly reflects social changes and the hardships of people's lives in his works, possessing significant literary and historical value. This study focuses on the spirit of realism in Du Fu's poetry, exploring its unique contributions in terms of social criticism, humanistic concern, and artistic ex pression. Based on the methods of文献analysis and close reading, and in combination with the social context of the Tang Dynasty, this research systematically examines how Du Fu's poetry reveals issues such as war, wealth disparity, and political corruption. It also investigates the artistic techniques through which Du Fu achieves realistic ex pression via concrete imagery and emotional articulation. The findings indicate that Du Fu's spirit of realism is not only manifested in the direct depiction of social realities but also in his transcendent awareness of impending crises and moral responsibility that surpasses his era. An innovation of this study lies in interpreting Du Fu's realistic spirit within a broader cultural context, emphasizing its profound influence on subsequent literary creation and proposing the concept of "the unity of poetry and history" as a critical perspective for understanding the realistic spirit in Du Fu's poetry. The conclusion argues that Du Fu's realistic spirit not only serves as a truthful representation of Tang society but also represents an essential embodiment of humanistic care and social responsibility in the Chinese literary tradition, offering valuable insights for contemporary literary creation.
Keywords：Du Fu；Realism Spirit；Social Criticism；Humanistic Care；Poetic History Integration
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 杜甫诗歌现实主义精神的形成背景 2
1.1 唐代社会现实对杜甫的影响 2
1.2 杜甫个人经历与现实主义精神 2
1.3 时代思潮与杜甫创作观念 3
第二章 杜甫诗歌中的社会批判意识 4
2.1 战乱与民生疾苦的描写 4
2.2 官僚腐败与社会不公的揭露 4
2.3 对底层人民命运的关注 5
第三章 杜甫诗歌现实主义的艺术表现手法 6
3.1 细节刻画与真实再现 6
3.2 叙事技巧与情感表达 6
3.3 意象运用与现实映射 7
第四章 杜甫现实主义精神的历史意义与影响 2
4.1 对后世文学创作的启示 2
4.2 现实主义精神的文化传承 2
4.3 杜甫诗歌在当代的价值 3
结 论 4
参考文献 5
致 谢 6
