摘要
随着市场经济的发展，格式条款在商业交易中广泛应用，但其单方拟定特性易引发不公平现象，为此《民法典》对格式条款进行规制。本研究旨在深入剖析《民法典》中格式条款的规制体系及其在司法实践中的应用情况，以期为完善相关法律制度提供理论支持并促进司法公正。通过文献研究法梳理国内外关于格式条款规制的理论成果，运用案例分析法选取具有代表性的司法判例进行深度剖析。研究发现，《民法典》明确了格式条款提供方的提示说明义务、相对方的异议权等规定，在一定程度上保障了合同双方当事人的权益，但在具体适用过程中仍存在一些问题，如提示说明义务的标准不够明确、对不合理条款的认定缺乏统一尺度等。本研究创新性地提出构建科学合理的提示说明义务判断标准，细化不合理条款的认定规则，这有助于增强《民法典》中格式条款规制规定的可操作性，为司法实践中准确适用相关法律规定提供了有益参考，从而更好地平衡合同双方当事人的利益，维护市场秩序稳定，推动社会主义法治建设进程。
关键词：民法典；格式条款规制；提示说明义务
Abstract
With the development of the market economy, standard form contracts have been widely used in commercial transactions. However, their unilateral drafting nature tends to trigger unfair phenomena. To address this issue, the Civil Code has established regulations for standard form contracts. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the regulatory fr amework of standard form contracts in the Civil Code and its application in judicial practice, providing theoretical support for improving relevant legal systems and promoting judicial fairness. By employing literature review methods, this research examines theoretical achievements concerning the regulation of standard form contracts both domestically and internationally. Through case analysis, representative judicial precedents are selected for in-depth analysis. The findings indicate that the Civil Code clarifies the obligation of providers of standard form contracts to give notice and explanations and the right of ob jection of the contracting parties, thereby protecting the rights and interests of both parties to some extent. Nevertheless, issues still exist in practical application, such as unclear standards for the obligation of notice and explanation and a lack of uniform criteria for identifying unreasonable terms. Innovatively, this study proposes the establishment of scientific and reasonable criteria for assessing the obligation of notice and explanation and refining rules for identifying unreasonable terms, which can enhance the operability of the regulations on standard form contracts in the Civil Code. This provides valuable references for accurately applying relevant legal provisions in judicial practice, better balancing the interests of both parties to the contract, maintaining market order stability, and advancing the process of socialist rule of law construction.
Keywords：Civil Code; Standard Form Clause Regulation; Duty To Draw Attention And Explain
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 民法典中格式条款规制的背景与意义 1
(二) 格式条款规制与司法实践的研究现状 1
(三) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、格式条款的法律规制体系 2
(一) 格式条款的基本概念与特征 2
(二) 民法典对格式条款的规定 3
(三) 格式条款规制的原则与制度 4
三、格式条款在司法实践中的适用 4
(一) 司法实践中格式条款的认定标准 4
(二) 格式条款效力争议的裁判规则 5
(三) 不利解释原则在司法中的运用 6
四、格式条款规制的完善建议 6
(一) 立法层面的完善路径 6
(二) 司法解释与指导案例的作用 7
(三) 行业自律与社会监督机制 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
随着市场经济的发展，格式条款在商业交易中广泛应用，但其单方拟定特性易引发不公平现象，为此《民法典》对格式条款进行规制。本研究旨在深入剖析《民法典》中格式条款的规制体系及其在司法实践中的应用情况，以期为完善相关法律制度提供理论支持并促进司法公正。通过文献研究法梳理国内外关于格式条款规制的理论成果，运用案例分析法选取具有代表性的司法判例进行深度剖析。研究发现，《民法典》明确了格式条款提供方的提示说明义务、相对方的异议权等规定，在一定程度上保障了合同双方当事人的权益，但在具体适用过程中仍存在一些问题，如提示说明义务的标准不够明确、对不合理条款的认定缺乏统一尺度等。本研究创新性地提出构建科学合理的提示说明义务判断标准，细化不合理条款的认定规则，这有助于增强《民法典》中格式条款规制规定的可操作性，为司法实践中准确适用相关法律规定提供了有益参考，从而更好地平衡合同双方当事人的利益，维护市场秩序稳定，推动社会主义法治建设进程。
关键词：民法典；格式条款规制；提示说明义务
Abstract
With the development of the market economy, standard form contracts have been widely used in commercial transactions. However, their unilateral drafting nature tends to trigger unfair phenomena. To address this issue, the Civil Code has established regulations for standard form contracts. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the regulatory fr amework of standard form contracts in the Civil Code and its application in judicial practice, providing theoretical support for improving relevant legal systems and promoting judicial fairness. By employing literature review methods, this research examines theoretical achievements concerning the regulation of standard form contracts both domestically and internationally. Through case analysis, representative judicial precedents are selected for in-depth analysis. The findings indicate that the Civil Code clarifies the obligation of providers of standard form contracts to give notice and explanations and the right of ob jection of the contracting parties, thereby protecting the rights and interests of both parties to some extent. Nevertheless, issues still exist in practical application, such as unclear standards for the obligation of notice and explanation and a lack of uniform criteria for identifying unreasonable terms. Innovatively, this study proposes the establishment of scientific and reasonable criteria for assessing the obligation of notice and explanation and refining rules for identifying unreasonable terms, which can enhance the operability of the regulations on standard form contracts in the Civil Code. This provides valuable references for accurately applying relevant legal provisions in judicial practice, better balancing the interests of both parties to the contract, maintaining market order stability, and advancing the process of socialist rule of law construction.
Keywords：Civil Code; Standard Form Clause Regulation; Duty To Draw Attention And Explain
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 民法典中格式条款规制的背景与意义 1
(二) 格式条款规制与司法实践的研究现状 1
(三) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、格式条款的法律规制体系 2
(一) 格式条款的基本概念与特征 2
(二) 民法典对格式条款的规定 3
(三) 格式条款规制的原则与制度 4
三、格式条款在司法实践中的适用 4
(一) 司法实践中格式条款的认定标准 4
(二) 格式条款效力争议的裁判规则 5
(三) 不利解释原则在司法中的运用 6
四、格式条款规制的完善建议 6
(一) 立法层面的完善路径 6
(二) 司法解释与指导案例的作用 7
(三) 行业自律与社会监督机制 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
