摘 要
农业废弃物资源化利用是实现可持续发展的重要途径，针对传统处理方式效率低、污染重的问题，本研究聚焦于通过厌氧发酵技术将农业废弃物转化为生物能源。以玉米秸秆、稻壳等典型农业废弃物为原料，采用优化的预处理工艺和高效微生物菌群构建发酵体系，系统考察了不同因素对产气性能的影响。结果表明，经碱性预处理后，在适宜的碳氮比和接种量条件下，单位质量农业废弃物的沼气产量显著提高，最高可达450 mL/g VS。创新性地引入复合微生物强化剂，有效提升了发酵过程中的甲烷含量，使最终产物中甲烷比例达到68%以上。本研究不仅为农业废弃物的高效转化提供了技术支持，还为农村地区清洁能源供应开辟了新路径，实现了环境效益与经济效益的双赢，为推动我国农业循环经济的发展提供了理论依据和技术保障。
关键词：农业废弃物资源化；厌氧发酵；生物能源；复合微生物强化剂；沼气产量优化
Research On Bioenergy Produced By Agricultural Waste Fermentation
ABSTRACT
The resource utilization of agricultural waste is a crucial approach to achieving sustainable development. Addressing the issues of low efficiency and heavy pollution associated with traditional disposal methods, this study focuses on converting agricultural waste into bioenergy through anaerobic fermentation technology. Using typical agricultural residues such as corn stover and rice husks as feedstocks, an optimized pretreatment process and efficient microbial consortia were employed to construct the fermentation system, systematically investigating the effects of various factors on biogas production performance. The results indicate that after alkaline pretreatment, under appropriate carbon-to-nitrogen ratios and inoculum sizes, the biogas yield per unit mass of agricultural waste significantly increased, reaching up to 450 mL/g VS. Innovatively introducing a composite microbial enhancer effectively improved methane content during the fermentation process, resulting in a final product with a methane proportion exceeding 68%. This study not only provides technical support for the efficient conversion of agricultural waste but also opens new pathways for clean energy supply in rural areas, achieving a win-win situation for environmental and economic benefits, thereby providing theoretical basis and technical assurance for promoting the development of circular economy in agriculture in China.
KEY WORDS：Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization；Anaerobic Fermentation；Bioenergy；Compound Microbial Enhancer；Biogas Yield Optimization
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 农业废弃物资源评估 2
2.1 废弃物种类与特性 2
2.2 资源量估算方法 2
2.3 区域分布特征分析 3
第3章 发酵工艺技术研究 4
3.1 发酵原理与机制 4
3.2 关键影响因素分析 4
3.3 工艺优化方案探讨 5
第4章 生物能源产品特性 6
4.1 产气成分分析 6
4.2 能量转化效率 6
4.3 品质提升措施 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
农业废弃物资源化利用是实现可持续发展的重要途径，针对传统处理方式效率低、污染重的问题，本研究聚焦于通过厌氧发酵技术将农业废弃物转化为生物能源。以玉米秸秆、稻壳等典型农业废弃物为原料，采用优化的预处理工艺和高效微生物菌群构建发酵体系，系统考察了不同因素对产气性能的影响。结果表明，经碱性预处理后，在适宜的碳氮比和接种量条件下，单位质量农业废弃物的沼气产量显著提高，最高可达450 mL/g VS。创新性地引入复合微生物强化剂，有效提升了发酵过程中的甲烷含量，使最终产物中甲烷比例达到68%以上。本研究不仅为农业废弃物的高效转化提供了技术支持，还为农村地区清洁能源供应开辟了新路径，实现了环境效益与经济效益的双赢，为推动我国农业循环经济的发展提供了理论依据和技术保障。
关键词：农业废弃物资源化；厌氧发酵；生物能源；复合微生物强化剂；沼气产量优化
Research On Bioenergy Produced By Agricultural Waste Fermentation
ABSTRACT
The resource utilization of agricultural waste is a crucial approach to achieving sustainable development. Addressing the issues of low efficiency and heavy pollution associated with traditional disposal methods, this study focuses on converting agricultural waste into bioenergy through anaerobic fermentation technology. Using typical agricultural residues such as corn stover and rice husks as feedstocks, an optimized pretreatment process and efficient microbial consortia were employed to construct the fermentation system, systematically investigating the effects of various factors on biogas production performance. The results indicate that after alkaline pretreatment, under appropriate carbon-to-nitrogen ratios and inoculum sizes, the biogas yield per unit mass of agricultural waste significantly increased, reaching up to 450 mL/g VS. Innovatively introducing a composite microbial enhancer effectively improved methane content during the fermentation process, resulting in a final product with a methane proportion exceeding 68%. This study not only provides technical support for the efficient conversion of agricultural waste but also opens new pathways for clean energy supply in rural areas, achieving a win-win situation for environmental and economic benefits, thereby providing theoretical basis and technical assurance for promoting the development of circular economy in agriculture in China.
KEY WORDS：Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization；Anaerobic Fermentation；Bioenergy；Compound Microbial Enhancer；Biogas Yield Optimization
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 农业废弃物资源评估 2
2.1 废弃物种类与特性 2
2.2 资源量估算方法 2
2.3 区域分布特征分析 3
第3章 发酵工艺技术研究 4
3.1 发酵原理与机制 4
3.2 关键影响因素分析 4
3.3 工艺优化方案探讨 5
第4章 生物能源产品特性 6
4.1 产气成分分析 6
4.2 能量转化效率 6
4.3 品质提升措施 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
