摘 要
大跨度斜拉桥作为现代桥梁工程的重要形式，在交通运输网络中发挥着不可替代的作用，但其索力分布复杂且易受多种因素影响，导致结构性能和服役状态难以达到最优。为此，本文聚焦于大跨度斜拉桥索力优化与调整策略研究，旨在通过科学合理的手段实现索力的优化配置，以提升桥梁结构的安全性、耐久性和经济性。基于此目的，采用有限元分析方法建立斜拉桥的空间模型，模拟不同工况下索力的变化规律；引入遗传算法对初始设计索力进行优化求解，确定最优索力分布方案；结合健康监测系统获取的实际运营数据，提出一种基于反馈控制理论的索力调整策略，该策略能够根据环境变化和荷载作用动态调整索力。结果表明，经优化后的索力分布可有效降低主梁应力水平，减小塔偏位移，提高结构整体刚度，同时减少钢索疲劳损伤风险。本研究创新性地将智能优化算法与反馈控制理论相结合应用于大跨度斜拉桥索力优化调整领域，为同类工程提供了新的思路和技术支持，对推动桥梁工程技术进步具有重要意义。
关键词：大跨度斜拉桥；索力优化；遗传算法；反馈控制；有限元分析
Abstract
Long-span cable-stayed bridges, as a significant form of modern bridge engineering, play an irreplaceable role in transportation networks. However, the complex distribution of cable forces and their susceptibility to various factors make it challenging to achieve optimal structural performance and service conditions. This study focuses on the optimization and adjustment strategies for cable forces in long-span cable-stayed bridges, aiming to achieve optimal cable force configuration through scientific and rational means, thereby enhancing the safety, durability, and economy of bridge structures. To this end, a spatial model of the cable-stayed bridge is established using finite element analysis to simulate the variation patterns of cable forces under different working conditions. Genetic algorithms are introduced to optimize the initial design cable forces, determining the optimal cable force distribution scheme. Combining actual operational data obtained from a health monitoring system, a cable force adjustment strategy based on feedback control theory is proposed, which can dynamically adjust cable forces according to environmental changes and load effects. The results indicate that the optimized cable force distribution effectively reduces the stress level of the main girder, decreases tower displacement, increases overall structural stiffness, and simultaneously reduces the risk of cable fatigue damage. Innovatively integrating intelligent optimization algorithms with feedback control theory in the field of cable force optimization and adjustment for long-span cable-stayed bridges, this research provides new ideas and technical support for similar projects, significantly contributing to the advancement of bridge engineering technology.
Keywords：Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge；Cable Force Optimization；Genetic Algorithm；Feedback Control；Finite Element Analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 大跨度斜拉桥索力特性分析 2
1.1 斜拉桥结构体系概述 2
1.2 索力分布规律研究 2
1.3 索力对桥梁性能影响 3
第二章 索力优化设计方法研究 5
2.1 优化设计理论基础 5
2.2 索力初始布置方案 5
2.3 优化算法及应用实例 6
第三章 索力调整技术与策略 8
3.1 索力调整必要性分析 8
3.2 调整方法与实施步骤 8
3.3 调整过程中的监控措施 9
第四章 索力优化与调整案例分析 10
4.1 工程案例背景介绍 10
4.2 索力优化实施过程 10
4.3 调整效果评估与总结 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
