高空抛物罪的司法认定疑难问题研究 -法学专业

摘要

高空抛物行为严重威胁公共安全，随着城市化进程加快，此类案件频发，亟需明确其司法认定标准。本文聚焦高空抛物罪的司法适用难题，旨在厘清该罪名在实践中存在的争议点，为司法实践提供理论支持。通过对现行法律法规、司法解释及相关案例的系统梳理，结合刑法理论分析，探讨了高空抛物罪的构成要件、主观方面、客观行为特征及因果关系等核心问题。研究发现，当前司法实践中存在对“高空”标准界定模糊、危害后果认定不一、证据收集困难等问题。本文创新性地提出了基于风险评估的综合判断方法，强调应将行为人的主观恶性与客观危险程度相结合进行评价，并建议完善相关立法和技术手段以解决证据固定难题。通过构建科学合理的司法认定体系，有助于统一裁判尺度，增强法律适用的可操作性，为有效打击和预防高空抛物犯罪提供坚实的理论基础和实践指导，推动社会公共安全治理能力现代化。

关键词：高空抛物罪司法认定标准风险评估

Abstract

The act of throwing ob jects from heights poses a serious threat to public safety, and with the acceleration of urbanization, such incidents have become increasingly frequent, necessitating clear judicial criteria for their determination. This paper focuses on the challenges in the judicial application of the crime of throwing ob jects from heights, aiming to clarify contentious points in practice and provide theoretical support for judicial proceedings. By systematically reviewing current laws, regulations, judicial interpretations, and relevant cases, combined with criminal law theory analysis, this study explores core issues including the elements of the crime, subjective aspects, characteristics of ob jective behavior, and causality. The research reveals that current judicial practices suffer from ambiguous definitions of “height,” inconsistent determinations of harmful consequences, and difficulties in evidence collection. Innovatively, this paper proposes a comprehensive judgment method based on risk assessment, emphasizing the combination of the perpetrator’s subjective malice and the degree of ob jective danger in evaluation. It also recommends improving legislation and technical means to address challenges in evidence fixation. Establishing a scientific and reasonable system for judicial determination can help unify adjudication standards, enhance the operability of legal application, provide a solid theoretical foundation and practical guidance for effectively combating and preventing crimes involving ob jects thrown from heights, and promote the modernization of social public safety governance capabilities.

Keyword:High-Altitude Littering Crime Judicial Recognition Standards Risk Assessment

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状综述 1

2高空抛物罪的构成要件分析 2

2.1主体要件的认定标准 2

2.2主观方面 2

2.3客观行为的司法判断 3

3高空抛物罪的危害结果认定 3

3.1实害结果的具体判定 3

3.2危险状态的法律评价 4

3.3损害程度的量化标准 5