解释论下限制自认构成要件的司法适用 -法学专业

摘要

自认制度在民事诉讼中具有重要地位，其对提高诉讼效率、明确争议焦点意义重大。然而，司法实践中限制自认的构成要件存在诸多争议，影响了该制度功能的充分发挥。为解决这一问题，本文基于解释论视角展开研究，旨在通过厘清限制自认构成要件以规范司法适用。通过对国内外相关理论成果进行梳理，结合我国现行法律规范及司法解释，并深入分析大量司法案例，发现当前限制自认构成要件存在主体范围界定模糊、意思表示真实性判断标准不统一等问题。本文提出从主体资格、意思表示真实性和合法性等方面构建限制自认构成要件体系，明确当事人及其代理人在特定情形下的自认效力，确立以客观情况为基础的意思表示真实性审查标准，强调违反法律法规强制性规定的自认无效等规则。此研究创新性地将解释论引入限制自认构成要件的研究之中，不仅有助于完善我国民事诉讼证据规则体系，而且为司法实践提供了更具操作性的裁判指引，对于促进司法公正与效率具有积极意义。

关键词：自认制度限制自认构成要件意思表示真实性

Abstract

The institution of judicial admission plays a crucial role in civil litigation, significantly enhancing litigation efficiency and clarifying contentious issues. However, numerous controversies surrounding the constitutive elements of restricted admissions in judicial practice have impeded the full functionality of this institution. To address this issue, this study adopts an interpretive perspective to investigate and aims to standardize judicial application by elucidating the constitutive elements of restricted admissions. By reviewing domestic and international theoretical achievements, integrating current Chinese legal norms and judicial interpretations, and conducting an in-depth analysis of a large number of judicial cases, it is found that the current constitutive elements of restricted admissions suffer from ambiguities in defining the scope of subjects and lack of uniform standards for assessing the authenticity of ex pressions of intent. In response to these issues, this paper proposes constructing a system of constitutive elements for restricted admissions from aspects such as subject qualification, authenticity, and legality of ex pressions of intent. It seeks to clarify the effect of admissions made by parties and their agents under specific circumstances, establish a review standard for the authenticity of ex pressions of intent based on ob jective situations, and emphasize the invalidity of admissions that violate mandatory provisions of laws and regulations. This research innovatively introduces interpretivism into the study of the constitutive elements of restricted admissions, not only contributing to the improvement of China's civil litigation evidence rules system but also providing more operational guidance for judicial practice, thereby promoting judicial fairness and efficiency.

Keyword:Voluntary Recognition System Limitation Constituent Elements Of Voluntary Recognition Authenticity Of ex pression Of Intent

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2限制自认的理论基础 2

2.1解释论的基本原理 2

2.2限制自认的概念界定 2

2.3限制自认的法理依据 3

2.4限制自认与其他诉讼行为的关系 3

3限制自认构成要件分析 4

3.1主体要件的司法认定 4

3.2客体要件的适用范围 4