摘要
民事法律行为的有效性取决于意思表示是否真实，这是民法理论与实践中的核心问题。随着社会经济的发展和交易模式的多样化，传统认定标准面临诸多挑战，亟需构建符合现代需求的认定体系。本研究旨在探讨民事法律行为中意思表示真实的认定标准，通过文献分析、案例研究及比较法考察等方法，系统梳理国内外相关理论成果与司法实践，剖析现行法律规范存在的不足。研究发现，意思表示真实不仅要求外在表达与内心意愿一致，还需考量特定情境下的合理期待与相对人的信赖利益保护。创新性地提出从主观、客观、环境三个维度构建综合评价体系，强调意思自治原则的同时兼顾公平正义价值取向。该研究成果为完善我国民事立法提供理论支持，对统一司法裁判尺度具有重要参考价值，有助于提升民事主体权利保障水平，促进市场经济健康发展。
关键词：意思表示真实；民事法律行为有效性；认定标准
Abstract
The validity of civil legal acts hinges on the authenticity of manifestation of intent, which is a central issue in both civil law theory and practice. With the development of socio-economic conditions and diversification of transaction models, traditional criteria for determining the authenticity of manifestation of intent face numerous challenges, necessitating the establishment of a recognition system that aligns with modern demands. This study explores the criteria for determining the authenticity of manifestation of intent in civil legal acts through methods such as literature analysis, case studies, and comparative legal examination, systematically reviewing relevant theoretical achievements and judicial practices both domestically and internationally, and analyzing the deficiencies in current legal norms. The research finds that authentic manifestation of intent not only requires consistency between external ex pression and internal will but also needs to consider reasonable expectations under specific circumstances and the protection of the relying interests of the counterparty. Innovatively, this study proposes constructing a comprehensive evaluation system from three dimensions: subjective, ob jective, and environmental, emphasizing the principle of freedom of will while balancing the value orientation of fairness and justice. This research provides theoretical support for improving civil legislation in China, offers significant reference value for unifying judicial adjudication standards, enhances the protection level of civil subjects' rights, and promotes the healthy development of the market economy.
Keywords：True ex pression Of Intent; Validity Of Civil Legal Acts; Criteria For Determination
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、意思表示真实性的理论基础 2
(一) 民事法律行为的概念界定 2
(二) 意思表示的构成要素分析 3
(三) 意思表示真实的本质探讨 4
三、意思表示真实性的判断标准 5
(一) 主观标准的内涵与适用 5
(二) 客观标准的构建与考量 5
(三) 主客观标准的协调统一 6
四、意思表示真实性认定的实践问题 7
(一) 重大误解中的意思表示认定 7
(二) 欺诈胁迫下的意思表示分析 7
(三) 特殊情形的意思表示判定 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
民事法律行为的有效性取决于意思表示是否真实，这是民法理论与实践中的核心问题。随着社会经济的发展和交易模式的多样化，传统认定标准面临诸多挑战，亟需构建符合现代需求的认定体系。本研究旨在探讨民事法律行为中意思表示真实的认定标准，通过文献分析、案例研究及比较法考察等方法，系统梳理国内外相关理论成果与司法实践，剖析现行法律规范存在的不足。研究发现，意思表示真实不仅要求外在表达与内心意愿一致，还需考量特定情境下的合理期待与相对人的信赖利益保护。创新性地提出从主观、客观、环境三个维度构建综合评价体系，强调意思自治原则的同时兼顾公平正义价值取向。该研究成果为完善我国民事立法提供理论支持，对统一司法裁判尺度具有重要参考价值，有助于提升民事主体权利保障水平，促进市场经济健康发展。
关键词：意思表示真实；民事法律行为有效性；认定标准
Abstract
The validity of civil legal acts hinges on the authenticity of manifestation of intent, which is a central issue in both civil law theory and practice. With the development of socio-economic conditions and diversification of transaction models, traditional criteria for determining the authenticity of manifestation of intent face numerous challenges, necessitating the establishment of a recognition system that aligns with modern demands. This study explores the criteria for determining the authenticity of manifestation of intent in civil legal acts through methods such as literature analysis, case studies, and comparative legal examination, systematically reviewing relevant theoretical achievements and judicial practices both domestically and internationally, and analyzing the deficiencies in current legal norms. The research finds that authentic manifestation of intent not only requires consistency between external ex pression and internal will but also needs to consider reasonable expectations under specific circumstances and the protection of the relying interests of the counterparty. Innovatively, this study proposes constructing a comprehensive evaluation system from three dimensions: subjective, ob jective, and environmental, emphasizing the principle of freedom of will while balancing the value orientation of fairness and justice. This research provides theoretical support for improving civil legislation in China, offers significant reference value for unifying judicial adjudication standards, enhances the protection level of civil subjects' rights, and promotes the healthy development of the market economy.
Keywords：True ex pression Of Intent; Validity Of Civil Legal Acts; Criteria For Determination
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、意思表示真实性的理论基础 2
(一) 民事法律行为的概念界定 2
(二) 意思表示的构成要素分析 3
(三) 意思表示真实的本质探讨 4
三、意思表示真实性的判断标准 5
(一) 主观标准的内涵与适用 5
(二) 客观标准的构建与考量 5
(三) 主客观标准的协调统一 6
四、意思表示真实性认定的实践问题 7
(一) 重大误解中的意思表示认定 7
(二) 欺诈胁迫下的意思表示分析 7
(三) 特殊情形的意思表示判定 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
