摘要
合同解释原则在民事审判中的运用与反思旨在探讨合同解释原则对民事审判的影响，随着市场经济的发展和交易形式的多样化，合同纠纷日益增多且复杂化，准确理解合同条款成为解决纠纷的关键。本研究基于此背景，以提升民事审判中合同解释的科学性、合理性为目的，采用文献分析法梳理国内外相关理论成果，通过案例分析法深入剖析我国司法实践中合同解释原则的具体应用情况。研究发现，在当前民事审判中，存在法官对合同解释原则理解不透彻、适用标准不统一等问题，影响了司法公信力。创新之处在于构建了包含文义解释、体系解释、目的解释、习惯解释等多维度的合同解释框架，并提出应遵循从明确到模糊、从特殊到一般的解释路径，强调尊重当事人意思自治与维护社会公共利益相平衡。主要贡献是为完善我国民事审判中合同解释规则提供了理论依据与实践指导，有助于统一裁判尺度，提高审判质量，实现公平正义。
关键词：合同解释原则；民事审判；文义解释
Abstract
The application and reflection of contract interpretation principles in civil trials aim to explore the impact of these principles on civil adjudication. With the development of the market economy and diversification of transaction forms, contract disputes have become increasingly numerous and complex, making accurate understanding of contract terms crucial for dispute resolution. This study, grounded in this context, seeks to enhance the scientific and rational nature of contract interpretation in civil trials by employing literature analysis to review relevant theoretical achievements both domestically and internationally, and case analysis to delve into the specific application of contract interpretation principles in China's judicial practice. The research reveals that in current civil trials, there exist issues such as judges' inadequate comprehension of contract interpretation principles and inconsistent application standards, which affect judicial credibility. An innovative aspect of this study is the construction of a multidimensional fr amework for contract interpretation, encompassing textual, systemic, purposive, and customary interpretations, while proposing an interpretative path from clear to ambiguous and from specific to general. It emphasizes balancing respect for party autonomy with the maintenance of public interests. The primary contribution lies in providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for improving contract interpretation rules in China’s civil trials, contributing to the unification of adjudicatory standards, enhancing trial quality, and achieving fairness and justice.
Keywords：Principle Of Contract Interpretation; Civil Adjudication; Textual Interpretation
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、合同解释原则的理论基础 2
(一) 合同解释的基本概念 2
(二) 主要合同解释原则 3
(三) 解释原则的法理依据 4
(四) 国内外理论比较 4
三、合同解释原则在审判实践中的运用 5
(一) 意思表示解释的应用 5
(二) 格式条款解释的实践 6
(三) 不确定性条款的处理 6
(四) 典型案例分析 7
四、合同解释原则适用中的问题与反思 8
(一) 法官自由裁量权 8
(二) 当事人利益平衡 8
(三) 解释标准的一致性 9
(四) 制度完善建议 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
合同解释原则在民事审判中的运用与反思旨在探讨合同解释原则对民事审判的影响，随着市场经济的发展和交易形式的多样化，合同纠纷日益增多且复杂化，准确理解合同条款成为解决纠纷的关键。本研究基于此背景，以提升民事审判中合同解释的科学性、合理性为目的，采用文献分析法梳理国内外相关理论成果，通过案例分析法深入剖析我国司法实践中合同解释原则的具体应用情况。研究发现，在当前民事审判中，存在法官对合同解释原则理解不透彻、适用标准不统一等问题，影响了司法公信力。创新之处在于构建了包含文义解释、体系解释、目的解释、习惯解释等多维度的合同解释框架，并提出应遵循从明确到模糊、从特殊到一般的解释路径，强调尊重当事人意思自治与维护社会公共利益相平衡。主要贡献是为完善我国民事审判中合同解释规则提供了理论依据与实践指导，有助于统一裁判尺度，提高审判质量，实现公平正义。
关键词：合同解释原则；民事审判；文义解释
Abstract
The application and reflection of contract interpretation principles in civil trials aim to explore the impact of these principles on civil adjudication. With the development of the market economy and diversification of transaction forms, contract disputes have become increasingly numerous and complex, making accurate understanding of contract terms crucial for dispute resolution. This study, grounded in this context, seeks to enhance the scientific and rational nature of contract interpretation in civil trials by employing literature analysis to review relevant theoretical achievements both domestically and internationally, and case analysis to delve into the specific application of contract interpretation principles in China's judicial practice. The research reveals that in current civil trials, there exist issues such as judges' inadequate comprehension of contract interpretation principles and inconsistent application standards, which affect judicial credibility. An innovative aspect of this study is the construction of a multidimensional fr amework for contract interpretation, encompassing textual, systemic, purposive, and customary interpretations, while proposing an interpretative path from clear to ambiguous and from specific to general. It emphasizes balancing respect for party autonomy with the maintenance of public interests. The primary contribution lies in providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for improving contract interpretation rules in China’s civil trials, contributing to the unification of adjudicatory standards, enhancing trial quality, and achieving fairness and justice.
Keywords：Principle Of Contract Interpretation; Civil Adjudication; Textual Interpretation
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、合同解释原则的理论基础 2
(一) 合同解释的基本概念 2
(二) 主要合同解释原则 3
(三) 解释原则的法理依据 4
(四) 国内外理论比较 4
三、合同解释原则在审判实践中的运用 5
(一) 意思表示解释的应用 5
(二) 格式条款解释的实践 6
(三) 不确定性条款的处理 6
(四) 典型案例分析 7
四、合同解释原则适用中的问题与反思 8
(一) 法官自由裁量权 8
(二) 当事人利益平衡 8
(三) 解释标准的一致性 9
(四) 制度完善建议 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
