摘 要
猪瘟是严重威胁养猪业的重要传染病，疫苗免疫是防控该病的关键措施。为评估猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果并优化免疫程序，本研究基于对不同日龄、品种猪只接种猪瘟疫苗后的抗体水平动态变化监测，采用ELISA法检测血清中和抗体滴度，并结合临床保护率进行综合评价。结果表明，传统免疫程序存在不足，通过调整首免日龄至21 - 25日龄，加强免疫间隔延长至60 - 70日龄，可显著提高群体免疫合格率，增强个体保护力。创新性地引入了基于抗体消长规律制定个性化免疫方案的理念，提出根据不同养殖场实际情况灵活调整免疫程序的新思路。该研究不仅为猪瘟防控提供了科学依据，也为其他动物疫病免疫策略优化提供了参考范例，具有重要的理论与实践意义。
关键词：猪瘟疫苗；免疫效果评估；抗体水平
ABSTRACT
Swine fever is an important infectious disease that seriously threatens the pig industry, and vaccine immunization is the key measure to prevent and control the disease. In order to evaluate the immunization effect of CSF vaccine and optimize the immunization procedure, this study was based on monitoring the dynamic change of antibody level after vaccination with CSF vaccine, detecting the serum neutralizing antibody titer by ELISA, and combining the clinical protection rate. The results show that there is a shortage of traditional immunization procedures. By adjusting the first immunization age to 21-25 days and extending the enhanced immunization interval to 60-70 days, we can significantly improve the qualified rate of herd immunity and enhance individual protection. The concept of making personalized immunization program based on the law of antibody growth and elimination was innovatively introduced, and the new idea of flexibly adjusting the immunization program according to the actual situation of different farms was put forward. This study not only provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of swine fever, but also provides a reference example for the optimization of other animal disease immunization strategies, which has important theoretical and practical significance.
KEY WORDS：Swine fever vaccine; assessment of immune efficacy; antibody level
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 猪瘟疫苗免疫效果评估指标体系构建 3
2.1 免疫效果的生物学评价指标 3
2.2 免疫效果的临床观察指标 3
2.3 免疫效果的实验室检测指标 4
第3章 猪瘟疫苗不同免疫程序对比分析 5
3.1 单次免疫程序的效果评估 5
3.2 多次免疫程序的效果评估 5
3.3 不同间隔期免疫程序的效果评估 6
第4章 影响猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的关键因素分析 7
4.1 疫苗质量对免疫效果的影响 7
4.2 动物个体差异对免疫效果的影响 7
4.3 免疫环境对免疫效果的影响 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
猪瘟是严重威胁养猪业的重要传染病，疫苗免疫是防控该病的关键措施。为评估猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果并优化免疫程序，本研究基于对不同日龄、品种猪只接种猪瘟疫苗后的抗体水平动态变化监测，采用ELISA法检测血清中和抗体滴度，并结合临床保护率进行综合评价。结果表明，传统免疫程序存在不足，通过调整首免日龄至21 - 25日龄，加强免疫间隔延长至60 - 70日龄，可显著提高群体免疫合格率，增强个体保护力。创新性地引入了基于抗体消长规律制定个性化免疫方案的理念，提出根据不同养殖场实际情况灵活调整免疫程序的新思路。该研究不仅为猪瘟防控提供了科学依据，也为其他动物疫病免疫策略优化提供了参考范例，具有重要的理论与实践意义。
关键词：猪瘟疫苗；免疫效果评估；抗体水平
ABSTRACT
Swine fever is an important infectious disease that seriously threatens the pig industry, and vaccine immunization is the key measure to prevent and control the disease. In order to evaluate the immunization effect of CSF vaccine and optimize the immunization procedure, this study was based on monitoring the dynamic change of antibody level after vaccination with CSF vaccine, detecting the serum neutralizing antibody titer by ELISA, and combining the clinical protection rate. The results show that there is a shortage of traditional immunization procedures. By adjusting the first immunization age to 21-25 days and extending the enhanced immunization interval to 60-70 days, we can significantly improve the qualified rate of herd immunity and enhance individual protection. The concept of making personalized immunization program based on the law of antibody growth and elimination was innovatively introduced, and the new idea of flexibly adjusting the immunization program according to the actual situation of different farms was put forward. This study not only provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of swine fever, but also provides a reference example for the optimization of other animal disease immunization strategies, which has important theoretical and practical significance.
KEY WORDS：Swine fever vaccine; assessment of immune efficacy; antibody level
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 猪瘟疫苗免疫效果评估指标体系构建 3
2.1 免疫效果的生物学评价指标 3
2.2 免疫效果的临床观察指标 3
2.3 免疫效果的实验室检测指标 4
第3章 猪瘟疫苗不同免疫程序对比分析 5
3.1 单次免疫程序的效果评估 5
3.2 多次免疫程序的效果评估 5
3.3 不同间隔期免疫程序的效果评估 6
第4章 影响猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的关键因素分析 7
4.1 疫苗质量对免疫效果的影响 7
4.2 动物个体差异对免疫效果的影响 7
4.3 免疫环境对免疫效果的影响 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
