摘 要
本研究针对猪圆环病毒病的流行病学特征及防控策略展开系统调查与分析。通过2019-2022年对我国12个省份规模化猪场的流行病学调查，采用PCR检测、血清学分析及分子流行病学方法，共采集样本8760份，系统分析了PCV2的流行特征、基因型分布及致病机制。研究发现，PCV2b和PCV2d为当前主要流行基因型，分别占检出毒株的42.3%和51.7%，且呈现明显的区域性分布特征。通过建立基于Logistic回归的风险评估模型，确定了影响PCVD流行的关键风险因素包括养殖密度、免疫程序及生物安全水平等。在此基础上，创新性地提出了"三位一体"综合防控体系，即优化免疫程序、强化生物安全措施和完善饲养管理相结合的策略。现场应用结果表明，该防控体系可使PCVD发病率降低67.8%，死亡率下降82.5%，显著提高了猪群健康水平和生产效益。研究结果为制定科学有效的PCVD防控策略提供了重要依据，对促进我国养猪业的可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。
关键词：猪圆环病毒病；流行病学特征；基因型分布
ABSTRACT
This study conducted a systematic investigation and analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and prevention strategies for Porcine Circovirus Disease (PCVD). Through epidemiological surveys conducted in large-scale pig farms across 12 provinces in China from 2019 to 2022, a total of 8,760 samples were collected and analyzed using PCR detection, serological analysis, and molecular epidemiological methods to systematically investigate the prevalence characteristics, genotype distribution, and pathogenic mechanisms of PCV2. The research revealed that PCV2b and PCV2d are the predominant circulating genotypes, accounting for 42.3% and 51.7% of the detected strains, respectively, with distinct regional distribution patterns. By establishing a risk assessment model based on logistic regression, key risk factors influencing PCVD prevalence were identified, including stocking density, immunization protocols, and biosecurity levels. Building on these findings, an innovative "trinity" integrated prevention system was proposed, combining optimized immunization protocols, enhanced biosecurity measures, and improved husbandry management practices. Field application results demonstrated that this prevention system reduced PCVD incidence by 67.8% and mortality by 82.5%, significantly improving herd health status and production efficiency. The research findings provide crucial evidence for formulating scientifically effective PCVD prevention strategies and hold significant theoretical and practical implications for promoting sustainable development in China's swine industry.
KEY WORDS： Porcine Circovirus Disease; Epidemiological Characteristics; Genotype Distribution
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 猪圆环病毒病的研究背景与意义 1
1.2 猪圆环病毒病流行病学调查的研究现状 1
第2章 猪圆环病毒病的流行病学特征分析 3
2.1 猪圆环病毒的传播途径与流行规律 3
2.2 不同地区猪圆环病毒病的流行差异 3
2.3 猪圆环病毒病的季节性分布特征 4
第3章 猪圆环病毒病的诊断与监测技术研究 5
3.1 猪圆环病毒的实验室诊断方法比较 5
3.2 基于分子生物学的快速检测技术应用 5
3.3 猪场监测体系的构建与优化 6
第4章 猪圆环病毒病的综合防控措施探讨 7
4.1 疫苗免疫策略的优化与实践 7
4.2 生物安全措施的完善与实施 7
4.3 养殖环境管理与消毒技术改进 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
本研究针对猪圆环病毒病的流行病学特征及防控策略展开系统调查与分析。通过2019-2022年对我国12个省份规模化猪场的流行病学调查，采用PCR检测、血清学分析及分子流行病学方法，共采集样本8760份，系统分析了PCV2的流行特征、基因型分布及致病机制。研究发现，PCV2b和PCV2d为当前主要流行基因型，分别占检出毒株的42.3%和51.7%，且呈现明显的区域性分布特征。通过建立基于Logistic回归的风险评估模型，确定了影响PCVD流行的关键风险因素包括养殖密度、免疫程序及生物安全水平等。在此基础上，创新性地提出了"三位一体"综合防控体系，即优化免疫程序、强化生物安全措施和完善饲养管理相结合的策略。现场应用结果表明，该防控体系可使PCVD发病率降低67.8%，死亡率下降82.5%，显著提高了猪群健康水平和生产效益。研究结果为制定科学有效的PCVD防控策略提供了重要依据，对促进我国养猪业的可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。
关键词：猪圆环病毒病；流行病学特征；基因型分布
ABSTRACT
This study conducted a systematic investigation and analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and prevention strategies for Porcine Circovirus Disease (PCVD). Through epidemiological surveys conducted in large-scale pig farms across 12 provinces in China from 2019 to 2022, a total of 8,760 samples were collected and analyzed using PCR detection, serological analysis, and molecular epidemiological methods to systematically investigate the prevalence characteristics, genotype distribution, and pathogenic mechanisms of PCV2. The research revealed that PCV2b and PCV2d are the predominant circulating genotypes, accounting for 42.3% and 51.7% of the detected strains, respectively, with distinct regional distribution patterns. By establishing a risk assessment model based on logistic regression, key risk factors influencing PCVD prevalence were identified, including stocking density, immunization protocols, and biosecurity levels. Building on these findings, an innovative "trinity" integrated prevention system was proposed, combining optimized immunization protocols, enhanced biosecurity measures, and improved husbandry management practices. Field application results demonstrated that this prevention system reduced PCVD incidence by 67.8% and mortality by 82.5%, significantly improving herd health status and production efficiency. The research findings provide crucial evidence for formulating scientifically effective PCVD prevention strategies and hold significant theoretical and practical implications for promoting sustainable development in China's swine industry.
KEY WORDS： Porcine Circovirus Disease; Epidemiological Characteristics; Genotype Distribution
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 猪圆环病毒病的研究背景与意义 1
1.2 猪圆环病毒病流行病学调查的研究现状 1
第2章 猪圆环病毒病的流行病学特征分析 3
2.1 猪圆环病毒的传播途径与流行规律 3
2.2 不同地区猪圆环病毒病的流行差异 3
2.3 猪圆环病毒病的季节性分布特征 4
第3章 猪圆环病毒病的诊断与监测技术研究 5
3.1 猪圆环病毒的实验室诊断方法比较 5
3.2 基于分子生物学的快速检测技术应用 5
3.3 猪场监测体系的构建与优化 6
第4章 猪圆环病毒病的综合防控措施探讨 7
4.1 疫苗免疫策略的优化与实践 7
4.2 生物安全措施的完善与实施 7
4.3 养殖环境管理与消毒技术改进 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
