摘 要
水肥一体化技术作为现代农业的重要发展方向，在设施蔬菜生产中具有显著的应用价值。本研究针对传统灌溉施肥方式存在的资源浪费、环境污染等问题，系统探讨了水肥一体化技术在设施蔬菜生产中的应用效果及优化策略。通过为期两年的田间试验，采用对比分析方法，研究了不同水肥配比对番茄、黄瓜等主要设施蔬菜的产量、品质及养分利用效率的影响。结果表明，与传统灌溉施肥相比，水肥一体化技术可提高蔬菜产量15%-20%，节水30%-40%，节肥25%-35%，同时显著改善蔬菜品质指标。研究创新性地提出了基于作物需水需肥规律的水肥精准调控模型，建立了适用于不同设施蔬菜的水肥管理指标体系。通过实时监测土壤水分和养分状况，实现了水肥供给与作物需求的动态匹配，有效提高了资源利用效率。研究还发现，采用水肥一体化技术可降低土壤盐渍化风险，减少氮磷流失对环境的污染。本研究成果为设施蔬菜生产的可持续发展提供了科学依据和技术支撑，对推动农业现代化和绿色发展具有重要意义。
关键词：水肥一体化技术；设施蔬菜；精准调控模型；资源利用效率
APPLICATION OF INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY OF WATER AND FERTILIZER IN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION
ABSTRACT
As an important development direction of modern agriculture, water and fertilizer integration technology has significant application value in facility vegetable production. Aiming at the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution existing in traditional irrigation and fertilization methods, this study systematically discussed the application effect and optimization strategy of water and fertilizer integration technology in facility vegetable production. The effects of different water and fertilizer ratio on yield, quality and nutrient use efficiency of tomato, cucumber and other vegetables were studied by comparative analysis method in a two-year field experiment. The results showed that compared with traditional irrigation and fertilization, the integrated technology of water and fertilizer could increase vegetable yield by 15%-20%, save water by 30%-40%, save fertilizer by 25%-35%, and significantly improve vegetable quality index. The research innovatively proposed a precise regulation model of water and fertilizer based on the law of crop water and fertilizer demand, and established a water and fertilizer management index system suitable for vegetables in different facilities. Through real-time monitoring of soil water and nutrient status, the dynamic matching of water and fertilizer supply and crop demand was realized, and the resource utilization efficiency was effectively improved. The study also found that the application of water-fertilizer integration technology can reduce the risk of soil salinization and reduce the environmental pollution caused by nitrogen and phosphorus loss. The results of this study provide scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable development of facility vegetable production, and have important significance for promoting agricultural modernization and green development.
KEY WORDS：Water and fertilizer integration technology; Facility vegetables; Precision regulation model; Resource utilization efficiency
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 研究背景及意义 2
1.2 设施蔬菜生产中水肥一体化研究现状 2
第2章 水肥一体化技术原理与系统构成 3
2.1 水肥一体化技术基本原理 3
2.2 设施蔬菜生产中的水肥一体化系统组成 3
2.3 水肥一体化系统的关键设备分析 3
第3章 设施蔬菜生产中的水肥管理优化 5
3.1 设施蔬菜的水肥需求特征分析 5
3.2 水肥一体化技术的精准调控方法 5
3.3 不同蔬菜品种的水肥管理策略比较 6
第4章 水肥一体化技术的应用效果评估 7
4.1 设施蔬菜产量与品质的影响分析 7
4.2 水资源利用效率的定量评价 7
4.3 经济效益与环境效益的综合评估 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
