犬类皮肤病的遗传与环境因素分析 -动物医学专业

摘要

犬类皮肤病是宠物临床中常见的疾病，其发病机制复杂，涉及遗传与环境多重因素的交互作用。近年来，随着分子遗传学和环境暴露研究的进展，犬类皮肤病的病因学研究取得了显著进展。本研究旨在探讨遗传因素与环境因素在犬类皮肤病发生中的协同作用，并评估其在不同品种犬中的表现差异。研究采用全基因组关联分析结合病例对照研究设计，选取了来自中国多个地区的500只患有皮肤病的犬只及500只健康对照犬只作为研究对象。通过高通量测序技术，鉴定出多个与皮肤病相关的候选基因，其中包括与免疫反应、皮肤屏障功能及代谢相关的基因。同时，通过问卷调查和环境监测，收集了犬只的生活环境、饮食习惯及接触的有害物质等信息。结果显示，特定品种犬如拉布拉多和德国牧羊犬在遗传易感性上存在显著差异，且环境因素如潮湿气候和化学物质暴露显著增加了皮肤病的发病风险。

关键词：犬类皮肤病；遗传因素；环境因素；全基因组关联分析

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN CANINE DERMATOSIS

ABSTRACT

Canine dermatosis is a common clinical disease in pets, its pathogenesis is complex, involving the interaction of multiple factors of heredity and environment. In recent years, with the development of molecular genetics and environmental exposure research, the etiology of dog dermatosis has made remarkable progress. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic role of genetic and environmental factors in the development of dermatosis in dogs and to evaluate the differences in their performance among different breeds. A genome-wide association analysis combined with a case-control study design was used to select 500 dogs with skin disease and 500 healthy control dogs from various regions of China. Through high-throughput sequencing, several candidate genes associated with skin diseases were identified, including genes related to immune response, skin barrier function, and me tabolism. At the same time, through questionnaires and environmental monitoring, the dogs' living environment, eating habits and exposure to harmful substances were collected. The results showed significant differences in genetic susceptibility among certain breeds, such as Labradors and German Shepherds, and that environmental factors such as humid climates and chemical exposure significantly increased the risk of developing skin diseases.

KEY WORDS：Dog Dermatosis; Genetic Factors; Environmental Factors; Genome-Wide Association Analysis

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章引言 2

第2章犬类皮肤病的遗传基础分析 3

2.1 犬类皮肤病的主要遗传模式 3

2.2 常见皮肤病基因突变研究 3

2.3 遗传多样性与皮肤病易感性关系 4

第3章环境因素对犬类皮肤病的影响 5

3.1 气候与季节性皮肤病的关系 5

3.2 饮食与皮肤健康的关联分析 5

3.3 环境污染物对犬类皮肤的长期影响 6