小班幼儿生活自理能力培养的行动研究
摘 要：幼儿期是自理能力形成的关键时期，良好的生活自理能力不仅有助于幼儿身心健康发展，更是其未来独立生活和社会适应的重要基础。当前小班幼儿在生活自理能力方面普遍存在发展不均衡、培养路径不明确等问题。本研究聚焦于小班幼儿生活自理能力的培养，从幼儿发展心理学和教育学原理两大理论基础出发，首先分析了小班幼儿在生活自理能力方面的生理基础、心理特征、社会性发展、认知能力及学习策略等发展特点。随后，结合幼儿园教育实际，探讨了小班幼儿生活自理能力培养的具体路径，包括幼儿园环境创设与课程设计、教师指导策略与实施、家园合作与家庭教育指导以及评估与反馈机制等方面。研究结果表明，通过优化幼儿园教育环境、创新教学方法、加强家园合作等措施，可以有效促进小班幼儿生活自理能力的全面发展。
关键词：小班幼儿；生活自理能力；家园合作
Abstract：Early childhood is a key period for the formation of self-care ability. Good self-care ability is not only conducive to children's physical and mental health development, but also an important basis for their independent life and social adaptation in the future. At present, there are many problems, such as self-care ability, such as unbalanced development and unclear training path. This study focuses on the cultivation of self-care ability of small class children. Starting from the two theoretical bases of child development psychology and pedagogy principles, it first analyzes the development characteristics of physiological basis, psychological characteristics, social development, cognitive ability and learning strategy of small class children in terms of self-care ability. Then, combined with the reality of kindergarten education, the paper discusses the specific path of self-care ability cultivation of small class children, including kindergarten environment creation and curriculum design, teacher guidance strategy and implementation, home cooperation and family education guidance, and evaluation and feedback mechanism. The results show that optimizing the kindergarten education environment, innovating teaching methods and strengthening home cooperation can effectively promote the overall development of self-care ability.
Key words: Small class children; life and self-care ability; home cooperation
目 录
一、引言 1
二、理论基础 1
（一）幼儿发展心理学视角 1
（二）教育学原理 2
三、小班幼儿生活自理能力发展特点 2
（一）生理基础与动作发展 2
（二）心理特征与社会性发展 2
（三）认知能力与学习策略 3
四、小班幼儿生活自理能力培养路径研究 3
（一）幼儿园环境创设与课程设计 3
（二）教师指导策略与实施 4
（三）家园合作与家庭教育指导 5
（四）评估与反馈机制 6
结论 7
参考文献 7
致谢 7
