破产程序中债权人请求权的行使 -法学专业

摘要

在市场经济体制下，破产程序中债权人请求权的行使问题直接关系到债权人利益的有效实现和债务人企业的合理重生。本文深入探讨了破产程序中债权人请求权的法律基础、行使现状、面临的困境及优化对策。首先，文章明确了债权人请求权的定义、法律依据及类型，为后续分析奠定了理论基础。随后，通过概述破产程序，分析了债权人请求权在其中的重要地位，并揭示了当前行使过程中存在的现实问题，如信息获取难、程序繁琐、权益保护不足及法院资源紧张等。针对上述问题，文章进一步剖析了破产程序中债权人请求权行使的困境，指出信息不对称、程序效率低下、法律保障不力和司法资源有限是制约债权人权益有效实现的关键因素。为寻求解决之道，文章借鉴了美国及欧盟在破产程序与债权人保护方面的先进经验，探讨了其在债权人信息透明化、程序简化、权益保障及司法资源配置等方面的成功做法。最后，基于国内外对比分析，文章提出了优化我国破产程序中债权人请求权行使的具体对策，包括建立信息共享平台以增强信息透明度、优化破产流程以提高效率、明确并强化优先权规则以保障债权人权益、以及增加司法资源投入以缓解法院压力。这些对策旨在为我国破产法律制度的完善提供参考，促进破产程序中债权人请求权的有效行使，进而维护市场经济的公平与秩序。

关键词：破产程序;债权人请求权;信息共享;法律保护

Abstract

Under the market economy system, the exercise of the creditor's right of claim in the bankruptcy procedure is directly related to the effective realization of the creditor's interests and the reasonable rebirth of the debtor's enterprise. This paper deeply discusses the legal basis of creditor's claim right in bankruptcy proceedings, the current situation of its exercise, the difficulties it faces and the optimization countermeasures. First of all, the article clarifies the definition, legal basis and type of creditor's claim right, which lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent analysis. Then, by summarizing the bankruptcy procedure, it analyzes the important position of the creditor's claim right, and reveals the practical problems existing in the current exercise process, such as difficult to obtain information, cumbersome procedures, insufficient protection of rights and interests, and the shortage of court resources. In view of the above problems, the paper further analyzes the dilemma of the creditor's right to claim in the bankruptcy proceedings, and points out that the key factors restricting the effective realization of the creditor's rights and interests are asymmetric information, low procedural efficiency, weak legal protection and limited judicial resources. In order to find a solution, this paper draws on the advanced experience of the United States and the European Union in bankruptcy procedures and creditor protection, and discusses the successful practices in the aspects of transparency of creditor information, simplification of procedures, protection of rights and interests and allocation of judicial resources. Finally, based on the comparative analysis at home and abroad,optimizing the bankruptcy process to improve efficiency, clarifying and strengthening the priority rules to protect the rights and interests of creditors, and increasing the input of judicial resources to relieve the pressure of courts. These countermeasures are intended to provide reference for the perfection of our bankruptcy legal system, promote the effective exercise of creditor's right of request in bankruptcy proceedings, and safeguard the fairness and order of the market economy.

Keywords：Bankruptcy procedure; Creditor's right to claim; Information sharing; Legal protection

引言 1

第一章债权人请求权的法律基础 2

1.1 债权人请求权的定义 2

1.2 债权人请求权的法律依据 2

1.3 债权人请求权的类型 3

第二章破产程序中债权人请求权的行使现状 5

2.1 破产程序概述 5

2.2 债权人请求权在破产程序中的地位 5

2.3 破产程序中债权人请求权行使的现实问题 5

第三章破产程序中债权人请求权行使的困境分析 7

3.1 债权人信息获取困难 7