摘 要：随着全球人口老龄化的加速，城市空巢老人群体日益庞大，其心理问题成为社会关注的焦点。空巢老人因子女离家、社交圈缩小等原因，常面临孤独感增强、社交隔离、焦虑抑郁等心理困境，严重影响其生活质量与身心健康。此外，经济压力、健康担忧及自我认同与价值感缺失等问题也进一步加剧了空巢老人的心理负担。因此，本研究旨在探讨社会工作介入城市空巢老人心理问题的有效对策。通过文献回顾与实地调研，分析空巢老人心理问题的现状及其成因，结合老龄化与社会支持理论、心理健康与需求层次理论，提出了一系列针对性的社会工作介入策略。研究建议强化社交联系以缓解孤独感，包括开展社区活动、建立老年兴趣小组等；提供专业心理咨询服务，包括引入心理咨询师、实施心理健康教育等；同时，注重重塑空巢老人的自我认同与价值感，通过组织生命回顾活动、鼓励参与志愿服务等方式实现。此外，还强调了加强家庭关系重建与安全保障体系的重要性。本研究为缓解城市空巢老人心理问题、提升其生活质量提供了理论依据与实践指导。
关键词：城市空巢老人；心理问题；社会工作介入；心理支持网络
Abstract：With the acceleration of the global population aging, the urban empty-nesters are increasingly large, and their psychological problems have become the focus of social attention. Due to their children leaving home and shrinking social circle, empty-nesters often face psychological difficulties such as increased loneliness, social isolation, anxiety and depression, which seriously affect their quality of life and physical and mental health. In addition, economic pressure, health concerns, and the lack of self-identity and sense of value also further aggravate the psychological burden of empty-nesters. Therefore, this study aims to explore effective countermeasures for social work involvement in the psychological problems of urban empty-nesters. Through literature review and field research, the current situation and the causes of the psychological problems of empty nesters are analyzed, and combined with the theory of aging and social support, the theory of mental health and needs level, a series of targeted social work intervention strategies are put forward. The study suggests strengthening social contact to alleviate loneliness, including conducting community activities and establishing interest groups for the elderly, providing professional psychological counseling services, including introducing psychological counselors and implementing mental health education, and reshaping the self-identity and value of empty nesters, by organizing life review activities and encouraging participation in voluntary service. In addition, the importance of strengthening the reconstruction of family relations and the security system is emphasized. This study provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for alleviating the psychological problems of urban empty-nesters and improving their quality of life.
Key words: Urban empty-nesters; psychological problems; social work intervention; psychological support network
目 录
一、引言 1
二、相关理论概述 1
（一）老龄化与社会支持理论 1
（二）心理健康与需求层次理论 2
三、社会工作介入城市空巢老人心理问题的作用 3
（一）缓解心理孤独感，增强社会联系 3
（二）提供专业心理支持，促进心理健康 3
（三）构建社会支持网络，提升生活质量 3
四、城市空巢老人心理问题现状分析 4
（一）孤独感与社交隔离 4
（二）焦虑与抑郁情绪 4
（三）自我认同与价值感缺失 5
（四）家庭支持弱化与安全保障不足 5
五、社会工作介入对策建议 6
（一）强化社交联系，缓解孤独感 6
（二）提供专业心理咨询服务 7
（三）重塑自我认同与价值感 7
（四）加强家庭关系重建与安全保障体系 8
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：城市空巢老人；心理问题；社会工作介入；心理支持网络
Abstract：With the acceleration of the global population aging, the urban empty-nesters are increasingly large, and their psychological problems have become the focus of social attention. Due to their children leaving home and shrinking social circle, empty-nesters often face psychological difficulties such as increased loneliness, social isolation, anxiety and depression, which seriously affect their quality of life and physical and mental health. In addition, economic pressure, health concerns, and the lack of self-identity and sense of value also further aggravate the psychological burden of empty-nesters. Therefore, this study aims to explore effective countermeasures for social work involvement in the psychological problems of urban empty-nesters. Through literature review and field research, the current situation and the causes of the psychological problems of empty nesters are analyzed, and combined with the theory of aging and social support, the theory of mental health and needs level, a series of targeted social work intervention strategies are put forward. The study suggests strengthening social contact to alleviate loneliness, including conducting community activities and establishing interest groups for the elderly, providing professional psychological counseling services, including introducing psychological counselors and implementing mental health education, and reshaping the self-identity and value of empty nesters, by organizing life review activities and encouraging participation in voluntary service. In addition, the importance of strengthening the reconstruction of family relations and the security system is emphasized. This study provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for alleviating the psychological problems of urban empty-nesters and improving their quality of life.
Key words: Urban empty-nesters; psychological problems; social work intervention; psychological support network
目 录
一、引言 1
二、相关理论概述 1
（一）老龄化与社会支持理论 1
（二）心理健康与需求层次理论 2
三、社会工作介入城市空巢老人心理问题的作用 3
（一）缓解心理孤独感，增强社会联系 3
（二）提供专业心理支持，促进心理健康 3
（三）构建社会支持网络，提升生活质量 3
四、城市空巢老人心理问题现状分析 4
（一）孤独感与社交隔离 4
（二）焦虑与抑郁情绪 4
（三）自我认同与价值感缺失 5
（四）家庭支持弱化与安全保障不足 5
五、社会工作介入对策建议 6
（一）强化社交联系，缓解孤独感 6
（二）提供专业心理咨询服务 7
（三）重塑自我认同与价值感 7
（四）加强家庭关系重建与安全保障体系 8
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
