摘 要
伴随着我国的快速发展，机动车数量急剧增加，而居民居住区的停车空间却十分紧张，由此引发的停车场所有权纠纷时有发生。对于住宅小区地下停车位权利归属的根本理论基础，地下车位，它属于居住社区的一个重要组成部分，它的法律属性，还有待对它是否属于建筑物从物、是否属于建设用地使用权的增附以及建筑物区别所有权专有部分的组成部分等问题进行讨论。经过对它进行深刻的剖析，我们不容易得到一个结果，那就是停车位可以构成一个专有部分，但是它不能变成一个增附或者从物。通过对北京，上海，南京，海南，深圳，以及台湾等城市的研究与分析，针对《物权法》中关于这一问题没有作出重大修订的现状，在《民法典》中，建议以满足业主的需求为前提，以约定的方式确定所有权，以不动产的流转为基础，以进一步完善建筑物的划分所有权的法律，以加强对开发商的约束与规范，以借鉴优秀的设计思想来设计住宅区的停车场，并对其进行界定，以确保其安全有效的使用。为此，将居住区内的地下停车场的产权问题列入本文的论述，不仅有利于民法的完善，也有利于维护开发商和住户的合法权益。
关键词：住宅小区 地下车位 权利归属
Abstract
With the rapid development of our country, the number of motor vehicles has increased sharply, but the parking space in the residential area is very tight, which leads to the ownership disputes of the parking lot. As for the fundamental theoretical basis of the ownership of the right of underground parking space in residential areas, underground parking space belongs to an important part of the residential community, and its legal attribute, it still needs to be discussed whether it belongs to the building property, whether it belongs to the addition of the right to use the construction land, and whether it is a component of the exclusive part of the differentiated ownership of the building. After a deep analysis of it, we can not easily get a result, that is, the parking space can form a proprietary part, but it can not become an addition or accessory. According to the research and analysis of Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hainan, Shenzhen, Taiwan and other cities, in view of the current situation that the Property Law has not made major amendments on this issue, in the Civil Code, it is suggested that the ownership should be determined in an agreed way on the premise of meeting the needs of owners, and the transfer of immovable property should be the basis. In order to further improve the law of the division of ownership of buildings, to strengthen the constraints and norms of developers, to draw on excellent design ideas to design the parking lot of residential areas, and to define it to ensure its safe and effective use. Therefore, the property rights of the underground parking lot in the residential area are included in the discussion of this paper, which is not only conducive to the perfection of civil law, but also conducive to safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of developers and residents.
Keyword:Residential district Underground parking space Attribution of rights
目 录
1引言 1
2住宅小区停车位权属的理论阐释 1
2.1车位的分类 1
2.2建筑物区分所有权的概念与构成 2
2.3地下车位的法律性质 2
3住宅小区地下车位权利归属争议 2
3.1停车位的建筑面积计入商品房公摊面积确定权利归属 2
3.2车位的建造成本摊入住宅开发成本确定权利归属 3
3.3开发商与业主的约定确定权利归属 3
3.4停车位取得登记凭证确定权利归属 4
4住宅小区地下车位权属立法比较 4
4.1国外住宅小区地下车位的立法比较 4
4.2国内住宅小区地下停车位的地方性规定 5
5住宅小区地下车位权属规定的完善建议 6
5.1明确界定住宅小区地下停车位共有部分与专有部分 6
5.2堆加对开发商约束的规范 6
5.3引入住宅小区地下停车位设定理念并在立法中体现 7
5.4明确人防车位权利归属的同时保证其用途的实现 7
6结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
