摘 要
主动脉夹层是一种高危心血管疾病，术后护理及并发症预防对其预后至关重要。本研究旨在探讨主动脉夹层术后患者的护理要点，并提出有效的并发症预防策略。通过回顾性分析2018年至2022年间某三甲医院收治的120例主动脉夹层术后患者的临床资料，总结护理干预措施及其效果。研究发现，系统化的护理方案包括疼痛管理、血压控制、心理支持及早期活动指导等关键环节，显著降低了术后并发症的发生率。此外，针对常见并发症如感染、肾功能不全和神经系统损伤，采取了针对性预防措施，进一步优化了患者康复进程。本研究创新性地引入多学科协作模式，强化了个体化护理理念，为临床实践提供了参考依据。结果表明，科学的护理干预能够有效改善患者预后，降低病死率，其经验值得在同类手术护理中推广应用。关键词：主动脉夹层术后护理; 并发症预防; 系统化护理方案; 多学科协作; 个体化护理
Abstract
Aortic dissection is a high-risk cardiovascular disease, and postoperative care along with complication prevention plays a critical role in its prognosis. This study aims to explore the key aspects of nursing care for patients after aortic dissection surgery and to propose effective strategies for preventing complications. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 120 patients who underwent aortic dissection surgery at a tertiary hospital between 2018 and 2022, summarizing the nursing interventions and their outcomes. The findings revealed that a systematic nursing protocol, including pain management, blood pressure control, psychological support, and early mobilization guidance, significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative complications. Furthermore, targeted preventive measures were implemented for common complications such as infections, renal insufficiency, and neurological injuries, which further optimized the rehabilitation process. This study innovatively introduced a multidisciplinary collaboration model, reinforcing the concept of individualized care and providing a reference for clinical practice. The results indicate that scientific nursing interventions can effectively improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates, with the experience being worthy of promotion and application in the nursing of similar surgeries.Key words:Postoperative Care Of Aortic Dissection; Complication Prevention; Systematic Nursing Plan; Multi-Disciplinary Collaboration; Individualized Nursing
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、主动脉夹层术后护理概述 2
1.1、术后护理的基本原则 2
1.2、护理目标与实施路径 2
1.3、护理团队的角色分工 2
第2章、术后生命体征监测与管理 4
2.1、血压控制的关键策略 4
2.2、心率监测与异常处理 4
2.3、疼痛评估与干预措施 5
第3章、并发症预防的具体措施 6
3.1、感染防控的护理要点 6
3.2、肾功能损害的早期识别 6
3.3、脑缺血症状的监测与应对 6
第4章、心理支持与康复指导 8
4.1、心理健康评估方法 8
4.2、康复训练计划的设计 8
4.3、长期随访与健康管理 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
