摘 要
苏童作为当代文坛的重要作家，其短篇小说《米》以其独特的叙事风格和深刻的人性书写引发了广泛的关注。本研究以《米》为切入点，在文学人类学的理论框架下，结合文本细读与社会文化语境分析，探讨作品中人性书写的多重维度及其艺术表现。研究旨在揭示文本如何通过个体命运的刻画反映复杂的人性本质，并剖析其中蕴含的社会批判意义。通过对小说中人物形象、情节结构及象征意象的深入解读，本文发现作者在叙述饥饿与生存困境时，不仅展现了极端环境下人性的扭曲与挣扎，还揭示了权力、欲望与伦理之间的张力。研究方法上，采用跨学科视角，将文本置于20世纪中国社会历史变迁的大背景中进行考察，同时结合心理学与哲学理论阐释人性书写的深度与广度。结果表明，《米》通过细腻而残酷的描写，突破了传统现实主义的局限，呈现出一种兼具真实性和诗意的美学特质。本研究的创新点在于首次从人性书写的角度系统分析该作品，并提出“饥饿美学”这一概念，用以概括苏童对极端情境下人性复杂性的独特表达。
关键词：苏童；人性书写；饥饿美学；权力与欲望；文学人类学
Humanity Representation in Su Tong's Short Story "Rice"
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
As an important writer in contemporary literary circles, Su Tong's short story "Mi" has aroused wide attention with its unique narrative style and profound human nature. Based on the theoretical fr amework of literary anthropology, this study combines the close reading of the text and the analysis of social and cultural context to explore the multiple dimensions and artistic ex pression of human nature in the work. The purpose of this study is to reveal how the text reflects the complex nature of human nature through the depiction of individual fate, and to analyze the social critical significance contained in it. Through the in-depth interpretation of the characters, plot structure and symbolic images in the novel, this paper finds that the author not only shows the distortion and struggle of human nature in the extreme environment, but also reveals the tension between power, desire and ethics. In terms of research methods, it adopts an interdisciplinary perspective, examines the text in the context of the social and historical changes in China in the 20th century, and explains the depth and breadth of human nature writing with the combination of psychological and philosophical theories. The result shows that through the delicate and cruel desc ription, Mi breaks through the limitation of traditional realism and presents an aesthetic characteristic of both authenticity and poetry. The innovation of this study lies in the systematic analysis of the work from the perspective of human nature writing for the first time, and the concept of "hunger aesthetics" is proposed to summarize Su Tong's unique ex pression of the complexity of human nature in extreme situations.
Keywords: Su Tong；Human Nature Writing；Hunger Aesthetics；Power And Desire；Literary Anthropology
目 录
引言 1
一、《米》中的人性书写概述 1
(一)小说《米》的创作背景分析 1
(二)苏童笔下人性书写的特质 2
(三)《米》中人性书写的叙事策略 2
二、欲望与生存的人性刻画 3
(一)欲望驱动下的个体选择 3
(二)生存困境中的人性挣扎 3
(三)欲望与生存的矛盾冲突 4
三、道德与伦理的人性反思 4
(一)道德边界的人性挑战 4
(二)伦理失范中的个体表现 5
(三)道德与伦理冲突的深层原因 5
四、社会环境对人性的影响 6
(一)社会变迁中的人性异化 6
(二)环境压迫下的人性扭曲 6
(三)社会结构对人性书写的映射 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
