摘 要
莫言的《生死疲劳》作为一部兼具历史深度与人性广度的文学巨著，为探讨人性书写提供了丰富的文本资源。本研究以《生死疲劳》中的人性表现为切入点，在宏观的历史语境下，从个体生存困境、伦理道德冲突和社会文化变迁三个维度展开分析，旨在揭示小说中复杂而深刻的人性书写方式及其意义。研究采用文本细读与理论阐释相结合的方法，通过梳理小说中主要人物的命运轨迹和心理变化，深入挖掘其背后所反映的人性特质与社会关联。结果表明，《生死疲劳》不仅展现了个体在极端环境下的生存挣扎，还揭示了伦理价值在时代变迁中的矛盾与重构，并进一步反映了社会文化转型对人性的影响。这一研究不仅深化了对《生死疲劳》的理解，也为当代文学中人性主题的研究提供了新的思路与方法。
关键词：莫言；《生死疲劳》；人性书写；伦理道德冲突；社会文化变迁
Three Dimensions of Human Nature in Mo Yan's Novel "Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out"
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
As a great literary work with both historical depth and the breadth of humanity, Mo Yan's Life and Death Fatigue provides rich textual resources for exploring the writing of humanity. This study takes the ex pression of human nature in Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out as the starting point, analyzes it from three dimensions of individual survival dilemma, ethical and moral conflict and social and cultural change under the macro historical context, and aims to reveal the complex and profound writing ways and meanings of human nature in the novel. By combing the fate track and psychological changes of the main characters in the novel, the research uses the method of close reading of the text and theoretical interpretation to dig deeply into the human characteristics and social relations reflected behind them. The results show that Life and Death Fatigue not only shows the individual's struggle for survival under extreme circumstances, but also reveals the contradiction and reconstruction of ethical values in the changing times, and further reflects the impact of social and cultural transformation on human nature. This study not only deepens the understanding of Life and Death Are Wearing Me out, but also provides a new way and method for the study of human nature in contemporary literature.
Keywords: Mo Yan；Life And Death Are Wearing Me Out；Human Nature Writing；Ethical Moral Conflict；Social Cultural Change
目 录
引言 1
一、人性书写的叙事视角分析 1
(一)叙事视角的多样性体现 1
(二)轮回叙事与人性展现 2
(三)动物视角下的人性反思 2
二、个体命运与集体记忆的交织 3
(一)历史变迁中的人性刻画 3
(二)个体悲剧与集体命运的关联 3
(三)记忆书写对人性深度的挖掘 4
三、道德困境与人性复杂性的呈现 5
(一)道德冲突中的多维人性 5
(二)悲剧人物的道德挣扎 5
(三)矛盾人性的文学表达 6
四、生死主题与人性哲思的融合 6
(一)生死轮回的哲学意蕴 6
(二)生命意义在人性书写中的体现 7
(三)哲学思考对人性升华的作用 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
