摘 要
随着城市化进程的加速,交通需求预测与规划成为解决城市交通拥堵、提升出行效率的关键环节。本研究以大数据技术为支撑,旨在构建一种高效、精准的城市交通需求预测模型,并探讨其在交通规划中的实际应用。研究结合多源数据(如手机信令数据、公交卡记录、出租车GPS轨迹等),运用机器学习算法和时空数据分析方法,对城市交通流量进行动态建模。通过引入深度学习框架,模型能够捕捉复杂的时空依赖关系,显著提升了预测精度。研究结果表明,该模型在不同时间尺度和空间范围内的预测误差均低于传统方法,特别是在高峰时段表现出更强的适应性。此外,基于预测结果,本文提出了一种动态交通资源配置策略,能够在实际场景中优化信号灯配时、公交线路调整及停车设施布局。本研究的主要创新点在于将大数据与智能算法深度融合,突破了传统交通预测模型的数据局限性和计算瓶颈,为城市交通规划提供了科学依据和技术支持。研究成果不仅有助于缓解城市交通压力,还为智慧城市建设中的交通管理提供了新思路和实践参考。
关键词:城市交通需求预测;大数据技术;机器学习算法;时空依赖关系;动态交通资源配置策略
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization, traffic demand forecasting and planning have become critical components in addressing urban traffic congestion and enhancing travel efficiency. This study, supported by big data technologies, aims to construct an efficient and accurate urban traffic demand prediction model and explore its practical applications in traffic planning. By integrating multi-source data, such as mobile phone signaling data, public transit card records, and taxi GPS trajectories, the study employs machine learning algorithms and spatiotemporal data analysis methods to dynamically model urban traffic flows. The introduction of a deep learning fr amework enables the model to capture complex spatiotemporal dependencies, thereby significantly improving prediction accuracy. The results indicate that the prediction errors of this model are lower than those of traditional methods across different time scales and spatial extents, particularly demonstrating stronger adaptability during peak hours. Furthermore, based on the prediction outcomes, this paper proposes a dynamic traffic resource allocation strategy that can optimize signal timing, bus route adjustments, and parking facility layouts in real-world scenarios. The primary innovation of this study lies in the deep integration of big data and intelligent algorithms, which overcomes the data limitations and computational bottlenecks of traditional traffic prediction models, providing scientific evidence and technical support for urban traffic planning. The research findings not only contribute to alleviating urban traffic pressure but also offer new perspectives and practical references for traffic management within the context of smart city construction.
Keywords: Urban Traffic Demand Forecasting; Big Data Technology; Machine Learning Algorithm; Spatiotemporal Dependency Relationship; Dynamic Traffic Resource Allocation Strategy
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 城市交通需求预测的研究背景 1
1.2 大数据在交通规划中的意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 大数据驱动的交通需求预测模型构建 3
2.1 数据采集与预处理技术 3
2.2 预测模型的选择与优化 3
2.3 时间序列分析在交通需求中的应用 4
2.4 机器学习算法的适配性研究 4
2.5 模型验证与误差分析 5
第3章 城市交通需求特征分析与大数据支持 7
3.1 基于大数据的出行行为模式识别 7
3.2 动态交通流量特征提取方法 7
3.3 不同区域交通需求的空间分布规律 8
3.4 特殊事件对交通需求的影响分析 8
3.5 数据驱动的交通需求趋势预测 9
第4章 基于大数据的城市交通规划应用实践 10
4.1 规划方案的设计与评估框架 10
4.2 公共交通系统优化策略研究 10
4.3 路网结构调整与资源分配优化 11
4.4 智能交通管理系统的实施路径 11
4.5 实际案例分析与效果评价 12
结论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15