摘 要
海岸带侵蚀是全球性环境问题，对生态系统、经济发展和人类安全构成重大威胁。传统监测方法受限于成本高、效率低及覆盖范围有限等问题，难以满足动态监测需求。本研究以无人机遥感技术为核心，结合多源数据融合与地理信息系统分析，探索其在海岸带侵蚀监测中的应用潜力。研究选取典型海岸带区域为实验对象，利用高分辨率无人机影像提取地形特征，并通过时间序列分析揭示侵蚀变化规律。创新性地引入机器学习算法优化影像分类精度，显著提升了侵蚀边界识别的准确性。结果表明，无人机遥感技术能够提供高时空分辨率的数据支持，有效捕捉微小尺度的侵蚀动态。与传统方法相比，该技术在数据获取效率、成本控制及精度方面具有明显优势。研究表明，无人机遥感技术为海岸带侵蚀监测提供了新途径，可为相关决策提供科学依据，同时为类似研究奠定了技术基础。主要贡献在于实现了高精度、低成本的动态监测方案，推动了遥感技术在海岸带管理领域的深入应用。
关键词：无人机遥感技术；海岸带侵蚀监测；机器学习算法
ABSTRACT
Coastal erosion is a global environmental issue that poses significant threats to ecosystems, economic development, and human safety. Conventional monitoring methods are often constrained by high costs, low efficiency, and limited coverage, making it difficult to meet the demands of dynamic monitoring. This study focuses on the application potential of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology, combined with multi-source data fusion and geographic information system (GIS) analysis, for coastal erosion monitoring. A typical coastal zone was selected as the experimental area, where high-resolution UAV imagery was utilized to extract topographic features, and time-series analysis was employed to reveal patterns of erosion changes. Innovatively, machine learning algorithms were introduced to optimize image classification accuracy, which substantially improved the precision of erosion boundary identification. The results indicate that UAV remote sensing technology can provide high spatiotemporal resolution data support, effectively capturing subtle erosion dynamics at small scales. Compared with traditional methods, this technology demonstrates clear advantages in terms of data acquisition efficiency, cost control, and accuracy. The study shows that UAV remote sensing offers a new approach for coastal erosion monitoring, providing scientific evidence for relevant decision-making while establishing a technical foundation for similar research. The primary contribution lies in achieving a high-precision, low-cost dynamic monitoring solution, advancing the in-depth application of remote sensing technology in coastal zone management.
Keywords: Uav Remote Sensing Technology; Coastal Erosion Monitoring; Machine Learning Algorithm
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 海岸带侵蚀监测的研究背景 1
1.2 无人机遥感技术的应用意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 1
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 无人机遥感技术原理与数据获取 3
2.1 无人机遥感的基本原理 3
2.2 数据采集的关键技术 3
2.3 遥感传感器的选择与优化 4
2.4 数据质量控制方法 4
2.5 数据处理流程设计 5
第3章 海岸带侵蚀监测的技术实现 6
3.1 海岸线变化的遥感提取方法 6
3.2 地形特征的三维建模分析 6
3.3 时间序列数据分析方法 7
3.4 精度验证与误差评估 7
3.5 技术实现中的关键问题 8
第4章 应用案例与效果评估 9
4.1 典型海岸带区域的选择 9
4.2 监测结果的数据分析 9
4.3 侵蚀动态变化规律总结 10
4.4 技术应用的优势与局限性 10
4.5 改进方向与未来展望 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
