摘 要
随着智能矿山建设的深入推进，高精度定位技术在提升矿山生产效率、保障作业安全方面的重要性日益凸显。本研究旨在探讨高精度定位技术在智能矿山中的应用潜力及其实际效果，通过融合多源传感器数据与先进算法优化，实现对矿山设备和人员的实时精准定位。研究采用理论分析与实验验证相结合的方法，首先梳理了当前主流高精度定位技术的特点及适用场景，随后设计并搭建了一套基于UWB（超宽带）与惯性导航融合的定位系统，并在某典型地下矿山环境中进行了实地测试。结果表明，该系统能够在复杂矿井环境下达到厘米级定位精度，显著优于单一技术方案，同时具备较强的抗干扰能力和稳定性。此外，研究进一步探索了高精度定位技术在矿山车辆调度、人员安全管理及灾害预警等关键领域的具体应用，验证了其在提升矿山智能化水平方面的可行性与优越性。本研究的主要创新点在于提出了一种适应性强、精度高的混合定位算法，并结合矿山实际需求构建了完整的应用框架，为智能矿山建设提供了重要的技术支持与参考依据。研究成果不仅填补了复杂矿井环境下高精度定位的技术空白，还为未来相关技术的优化与推广奠定了坚实基础。
关键词：高精度定位技术；智能矿山；UWB与惯性导航融合
ABSTRACT
With the deepening development of intelligent mine construction, the importance of high-precision positioning technology in improving mining efficiency and ensuring operational safety has become increasingly prominent. This study aims to explore the application potential and practical effects of high-precision positioning technology in intelligent mines, achieving real-time and accurate localization of mining equipment and personnel through the integration of multi-source sensor data and advanced algorithm optimization. A combination of theoretical analysis and experimental validation was employed in this research. First, the characteristics and applicable scenarios of current mainstream high-precision positioning technologies were systematically reviewed. Subsequently, a positioning system based on the fusion of ultra-wideband (UWB) and inertial navigation was designed and constructed, and field tests were conducted in a typical underground mine environment. The results indicate that the system can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy in complex mine environments, significantly outperforming single-technology solutions while demonstrating strong anti-interference capabilities and stability. Furthermore, this study delves into specific applications of high-precision positioning technology in critical areas such as vehicle scheduling, personnel safety management, and disaster early warning, verifying its feasibility and superiority in enhancing the intelligence level of mines. A key innovation of this research lies in the proposal of a hybrid positioning algorithm with strong adaptability and high precision, combined with the construction of a comprehensive application fr amework tailored to the actual needs of mines, providing crucial technical support and reference for intelligent mine construction. The research outcomes not only fill the technical gap in high-precision positioning under complex mine conditions but also lay a solid foundation for the future optimization and promotion of related technologies.
Keywords: High-Precision Positioning Technology; Intelligent Mine; UWB And Inertial Navigation Fusion
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 高精度定位技术的研究背景 1
1.2 智能矿山发展中的意义分析 1
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 高精度定位技术基础与应用需求 3
2.1 高精度定位技术的核心原理 3
2.2 智能矿山对定位技术的需求 3
2.3 主要高精度定位技术对比分析 4
2.4 技术选型的关键因素探讨 4
2.5 高精度定位在矿山的应用场景 5
第3章 高精度定位技术在智能矿山中的实现路径 6
3.1 矿山环境下的技术适配性研究 6
3.2 数据采集与处理的优化策略 6
3.3 定位系统与矿山设备的集成方案 7
3.4 实时定位系统的构建与测试 7
3.5 关键技术难点及解决方案 8
第4章 高精度定位技术的实际应用效果评估 9
4.1 应用案例分析与数据验证 9
4.2 定位精度对生产效率的影响 9
4.3 安全管理中的作用与价值 10
4.4 成本效益分析与经济性评价 10
4.5 未来改进方向与潜力展望 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
