技术标准联盟对国际贸易的技术壁垒作用 -国际经济与贸易专业

摘要

随着全球化进程的加速，技术标准在国际贸易中的作用日益凸显，其不仅影响市场准入，还可能成为隐性技术壁垒。本研究旨在探讨技术标准联盟对国际贸易的技术壁垒作用及其机制，以揭示其对全球贸易格局的影响。技术标准联盟的形成显著增强了成员国之间的贸易往来，但同时对非成员国形成了明显的排他性壁垒，这种效应在高技术含量产品领域尤为突出。此外，研究发现技术标准联盟的壁垒作用与联盟成员的技术实力和市场地位密切相关。本研究的创新点在于首次将技术标准联盟的网络结构特征纳入分析框架，并通过引入动态面板模型评估其长期影响。这一研究为理解技术标准的双重属性提供了新视角，也为发展中国家参与国际技术标准制定提供了政策启示，即应加强国际合作以降低潜在的技术壁垒，同时提升自身技术水平以增强竞争力。

关键词：技术标准联盟；国际贸易壁垒；高技术产品；网络结构特征；动态面板模型

Technical Standards Consortia as Technical Barriers to International Trade

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

With the acceleration of globalization, technical standards play an increasingly prominent role in international trade, which not only affects market access, but also may become a hidden technical barrier. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of technical standards alliance on international trade and its mechanism, in order to reveal its impact on global trade pattern. The formation of technical standards alliance has significantly enhanced the trade between member countries, but at the same time has formed obvious exclusionary barriers to non-member countries, and this effect is especially prominent in the field of high-tech products. In addition, it is found that the barrier effect of technical standard alliance is closely related to the technical strength and market position of alliance members. The innovation of this study is that for the first time, the network structure characteristics of technical standards consortia are included in the analytical fr amework and their long-term impact is assessed by introducing a dynamic panel model. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the dual nature of technical standards, and also provides policy implications for developing countries to participate in the formulation of international technical standards, that is, to strengthen international cooperation to reduce potential technical barriers, while improving their own technical level to enhance competitiveness.

Keywords: Technical Standards Alliance；International Trade Barriers；High Technology Products；Network Structure Characteristics；Dynamic Panel Model

引言 1

一、技术标准联盟的形成与演化 1

(一)技术标准联盟的定义与特征 1

(二)联盟形成的动因分析 2

(三)联盟演化的路径依赖 2

二、技术标准联盟对国际贸易的影响机制 3

(一)标准联盟的技术壁垒功能 3

(二)国际贸易中的标准竞争 3

(三)标准联盟对市场准入的影响 4

三、技术标准联盟作为贸易壁垒的表现形式 5

(一)标准差异导致的贸易障碍 5