摘 要
重症肌无力是一种由神经-肌肉接头处传递功能障碍引发的慢性自身免疫性疾病，其临床护理面临诸多挑战。本研究旨在探讨重症肌无力患者的护理问题并提出针对性对策，以改善患者的生活质量和治疗效果。研究采用问卷调查与案例分析相结合的方法，对120例重症肌无力患者及其护理情况进行回顾性分析，重点关注心理状态、用药依从性、病情监测及康复指导等方面的问题。结果显示，多数患者存在不同程度的心理压力和用药管理困难，且部分患者缺乏科学的自我管理能力。针对上述问题，本研究提出以患者为中心的个性化护理方案，包括心理干预、健康教育和多学科协作管理模式。该方案显著提高了患者的用药依从性和自我管理能力，并有效缓解了心理负担。本研究的创新点在于将多学科协作理念融入护理实践，为重症肌无力患者的综合护理提供了新思路，同时为临床护理质量的提升奠定了理论基础。关键词：重症肌无力，个性化护理，心理干预
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by neuromuscular junction transmission dysfunction, posing numerous challenges in clinical nursing. This study aims to explore the nursing issues of patients with myasthenia gravis and propose targeted strategies to improve their quality of life and treatment outcomes. By employing a combination of questionnaire surveys and case analysis, this research conducted a retrospective analysis of 120 patients with myasthenia gravis, focusing on psychological status, medication adherence, disease monitoring, and rehabilitation guidance. The results indicate that most patients experience varying degrees of psychological stress and difficulties in medication management, with some lacking adequate self-management skills. In response to these issues, this study proposes a patient-centered individualized nursing plan, which includes psychological intervention, health education, and a multidisciplinary collaborative management model. This approach significantly enhances medication adherence and self-management capabilities while effectively alleviating psychological burdens. The innovation of this study lies in integrating the concept of multidisciplinary collaboration into nursing practice, providing new insights for comprehensive care of patients with myasthenia gravis and establishing a theoretical foundation for improving clinical nursing quality.
Key Words：Myasthenia Gravis, Individualized Nursing, Psychological Intervention
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）重症肌无力护理的研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状分析 2
二、重症肌无力患者的护理需求分析 3
（一）患者生理需求的评估与满足 3
（二）心理支持在护理中的重要性 4
（三）社会支持对患者康复的影响 5
三、重症肌无力护理中的常见问题探讨 6
（一）护理过程中药物管理的问题 6
（二）患者依从性低的原因分析 7
（三）护患沟通障碍及其影响 8
四、针对重症肌无力患者的护理对策研究 9
（一）个性化护理方案的设计与实施 9
（二）提高护理质量的具体措施 10
（三）护理团队协作机制的优化 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 16
