摘 要
重症哮喘是一种高发的慢性呼吸系统疾病，其病情复杂且易反复发作，对患者的生命健康构成严重威胁。为提高护理效果，本研究旨在探索个性化护理方案在重症哮喘患者中的应用价值及其实施效果。研究选取某三甲医院2021年1月至2022年12月收治的120例重症哮喘患者作为研究对象，随机分为对照组和实验组，各60例。对照组接受常规护理，实验组则基于患者的具体病情、心理状态及生活习惯制定个性化护理方案，包括针对性的健康教育、呼吸功能训练、心理干预及用药指导等。通过为期6个月的随访观察发现，实验组患者的哮喘控制测试（ACT）评分显著高于对照组，急性发作次数和住院率明显降低，生活质量评分亦有显著提升。统计分析显示，两组间差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。研究表明，个性化护理方案能够有效改善重症哮喘患者的病情控制水平，减少急性发作频率，提升其生活质量，为临床护理提供了新的思路与参考。该研究的创新点在于将个性化护理理念与重症哮喘患者的特殊需求紧密结合，进一步优化了护理措施的针对性与有效性。关键词：重症哮喘，个性化护理，病情控制
Abstract
Severe asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory disease characterized by complex conditions and recurrent episodes, posing a significant threat to patients' health. To enhance nursing outcomes, this study aimed to explore the application value and implementation effects of personalized nursing protocols in patients with severe asthma. A total of 120 patients with severe asthma admitted to a tertiary hospital between January 2021 and December 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 60 cases. The control group received routine care, while the experimental group was provided with personalized nursing plans tailored to individual patients' specific conditions, psychological states, and lifestyle habits, which included targeted health education, respiratory function training, psychological interventions, and medication guidance. After a six-month follow-up observation, it was found that the Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores of patients in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with markedly reduced frequencies of acute exacerbations and hospitalization rates, as well as significantly improved quality-of-life scores. Statistical analysis revealed that the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P0.05). This study demonstrated that personalized nursing protocols can effectively improve the level of disease control in patients with severe asthma, reduce the frequency of acute exacerbations, and enhance their quality of life, providing new insights and references for clinical nursing practices. The innovation of this study lies in its integration of personalized nursing concepts with the unique needs of patients with severe asthma, further optimizing the relevance and effectiveness of nursing measures.
Key Words：Severe Asthma, Personalized Care, Disease Control
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）重症哮喘个性化护理的研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外重症哮喘护理研究现状分析 2
二、重症哮喘患者的个性化护理需求分析 2
（一）重症哮喘患者的主要临床特征 3
（二）患者对个性化护理的实际需求 4
（三）影响个性化护理效果的关键因素 5
三、个性化护理方案的设计与实施 6
（一）护理方案设计的理论基础 6
（二）针对性护理措施的具体制定 7
（三）护理方案在重症哮喘患者中的实施过程 8
四、个性化护理方案的实施效果评估 9
（一）患者生理指标的改善情况分析 9
（二）患者心理状态与生活质量的变化 10
（三）护理效果的综合评价与改进建议 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 15
