智能电网对电力市场交易模式的影响 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

随着能源转型和信息技术的快速发展，智能电网作为现代电力系统的重要组成部分，正在深刻改变传统电力市场的交易模式。本研究旨在探讨智能电网技术对电力市场交易机制的影响，并提出适应智能电网环境的新型交易模式。通过文献分析、案例研究以及数学建模等方法，本文详细评估了智能电网中分布式能源、需求响应和储能技术等因素对市场结构、价格机制和交易效率的作用。研究表明，智能电网显著提升了电力市场的灵活性和透明度，促进了多主体参与和多元化交易形式的形成。特别是在分布式能源接入和需求侧管理方面，智能电网为电力市场提供了更高效的资源配置手段。本文创新性地提出了基于区块链技术的去中心化交易框架，以解决当前集中式交易模式中存在的信息不对称和交易成本问题。该框架不仅提高了交易的安全性和可信度，还为小型能源生产者参与市场创造了条件。研究结论表明，智能电网的普及将推动电力市场向更加开放、灵活和智能化的方向发展，为未来能源系统的可持续发展奠定了基础。这一研究成果为政策制定者和市场参与者提供了重要的理论参考和技术支持。

关键词：智能电网，电力市场交易机制，分布式能源，区块链技术，需求侧管理

Abstract

With the rapid development of energy transition and information technology, smart grids, as a critical component of modern power systems, are profoundly transforming the traditional trading patterns of electricity markets. This study aims to investigate the impact of smart grid technologies on market trading mechanisms and propose novel trading models adapted to the smart grid environment. Through literature analysis, case studies, and mathematical modeling, this paper comprehensively evaluates the roles of distributed energy resources, demand response, and energy storage technologies in shaping market structure, price mechanisms, and trading efficiency within smart grids. The findings indicate that smart grids significantly enhance the flexibility and transparency of electricity markets, facilitating multi-agent participation and diversified trading forms. Particularly in the integration of distributed energy resources and demand-side management, smart grids provide more efficient means for resource allocation in electricity markets. Innovatively, this study proposes a decentralized trading fr amework based on blockchain technology to address issues of information asymmetry and high transaction costs inherent in current centralized trading models. This fr amework not only improves the security and reliability of transactions but also creates opportunities for small-scale energy producers to participate in the market. The conclusions suggest that the widespread adoption of smart grids will drive electricity markets toward greater openness, flexibility, and intelligence, laying a foundation for the sustainable development of future energy systems. This research provides significant theoretical references and technical support for policymakers and market participants.

Key Words：Smart Grid, Electricity Market Trading Mechanism, Distributed Energy, Blockchain Technology, Demand Side Management

一、绪论 1

（一）智能电网与电力市场交易模式的研究背景 1

（二）研究智能电网对电力市场交易模式影响的意义 2

（三）国内外研究现状分析 3

二、智能电网对电力市场交易效率的影响 4

（一）智能电网技术提升交易效率的机制 4

（二）数据驱动的交易模式优化分析 5

（三）案例研究：智能电网在实际交易中的应用 6

三、智能电网对电力市场定价机制的影响 7

（一）动态定价模式的形成与特点 7

（二）智能电网支持下的实时电价分析 8