高性能陶瓷膜的制备及其在化工分离中的应用

  高性能陶瓷膜因其优异的耐高温、耐化学腐蚀和机械强度特性，在化工分离领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本研究针对传统陶瓷膜制备工艺复杂且成本较高的问题，提出了一种基于溶胶-凝胶法与无机颗粒组装技术相结合的新型制备方法，旨在优化陶瓷膜的微观结构并提升其分离性能。通过调控前驱体溶液浓度、烧结温度及热处理工艺参数，成功制备出具有均匀孔径分布和高通量特性的α-Al2O3陶瓷膜。实验结果表明，所制备的陶瓷膜在气体分离、液体净化及有机物过滤等多场景中表现出显著优势，特别是在甲醇-水体系分离过程中，渗透通量较传统方法提高约40%，同时保持较高的选择性。此外，通过对陶瓷膜表面进行功能化改性，进一步增强了其抗污染能力和长期运行稳定性。本研究不仅为高性能陶瓷膜的规模化生产提供了理论支持和技术路径，还为其在复杂化工分离过程中的实际应用奠定了坚实基础，展现了重要的科学价值与工程意义。

关键词：陶瓷膜；溶胶-凝胶法；分离性能；功能化改性；甲醇-水体系分离


Abstract

  High-performance ceramic membranes, characterized by excellent high-temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength, have demonstrated promising application prospects in the field of chemical separation. In response to the issues of complex preparation processes and high costs associated with traditional ceramic membranes, this study proposes a novel fabrication method that combines sol-gel technology with inorganic particle assembly, aiming to optimize the microstructure of ceramic membranes and enhance their separation performance. By adjusting parameters such as precursor solution concentration, sintering temperature, and heat treatment process conditions, α-Al2O3 ceramic membranes with uniform pore size distribution and high flux characteristics were successfully prepared. Experimental results indicate that the fabricated ceramic membranes exhibit significant advantages in multiple scenarios, including gas separation, liquid purification, and organic matter filtration. Notably, during the separation of methanol-water systems, the permeate flux was approximately 40% higher than that achieved using conventional methods, while maintaining high selectivity. Furthermore, functional modification of the ceramic membrane surface significantly improved its anti-fouling capability and long-term operational stability. This research not only provides theoretical support and technical pathways for the large-scale production of high-performance ceramic membranes but also lays a solid foundation for their practical application in complex chemical separation processes, highlighting important scientific value and engineering significance.

Keywords：Ceramic Membrane; Sol-Gel Method; Separation Performance; Functional Modification; Methanol-Water System Separation


目  录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 高性能陶瓷膜研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、高性能陶瓷膜的制备工艺研究 2
(一) 陶瓷膜材料选择与特性分析 2
(二) 制备工艺优化及其影响因素 3
(三) 表面改性技术在陶瓷膜中的应用 3
三、高性能陶瓷膜的性能表征与评价 4
(一) 陶瓷膜微观结构表征方法 4
(二) 分离性能测试与数据分析 4
(三) 耐高温与耐腐蚀性能评估 5
四、高性能陶瓷膜在化工分离中的应用研究 5
(一) 化工分离过程中的关键需求 5
(二) 陶瓷膜在气体分离中的应用实例 6
(三) 陶瓷膜在液体分离中的优势分析 6
结 论 8
参考文献 9

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