摘要
电化学聚合技术作为一种绿色、高效的材料制备方法，近年来在功能性聚合物膜领域展现出重要应用潜力。本研究旨在通过优化电化学聚合条件，设计并制备具有优异性能的功能性聚合物膜，以满足能源存储、环境治理和生物医学等领域的多样化需求。研究采用恒电位法与循环伏安法相结合的方式，在导电基底上实现单体的可控聚合，并系统考察了电解质种类、支持电解质浓度、聚合电压及时间等因素对膜结构与性能的影响。结果表明，通过精确调控电化学参数，可有效调节聚合物膜的厚度、形貌及导电性能，从而显著提升其功能特性。此外，本研究首次提出了一种基于电化学原位修饰的复合膜制备策略，成功实现了多功能特性的集成。该方法不仅简化了制备流程，还大幅降低了能耗与污染风险，为功能性聚合物膜的实际应用提供了新思路。研究表明，电化学聚合技术在高性能膜材料开发中具有独特优势，其创新性在于将微观结构调控与宏观性能优化有机结合，为相关领域的基础研究与产业化发展奠定了坚实基础。
关键词：电化学聚合；功能性聚合物膜；恒电位法；复合膜制备；性能优化
Abstract
Electrochemical polymerization technology, as a green and efficient material preparation method, has demonstrated significant application potential in the field of functional polymer membranes in recent years. This study aims to design and fabricate functional polymer membranes with superior properties by optimizing electrochemical polymerization conditions, thereby addressing the diverse requirements in energy storage, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. A combination of potentiostatic and cyclic voltammetry methods was employed to achieve controllable monomer polymerization on conductive substrates. The effects of various factors, including electrolyte type, supporting electrolyte concentration, polymerization voltage, and duration, on membrane structure and performance were systematically investigated. The results indicate that precise modulation of electrochemical parameters can effectively regulate the thickness, morphology, and conductivity of the polymer membranes, significantly enhancing their functional characteristics. Moreover, this study proposes for the first time an innovative strategy for preparing composite membranes based on electrochemical in-situ modification, successfully achieving the integration of multifunctional properties. This approach not only simplifies the fabrication process but also substantially reduces energy consumption and pollution risks, providing new insights into the practical application of functional polymer membranes. The research demonstrates that electrochemical polymerization technology possesses unique advantages in the development of high-performance membrane materials, with its innovation lying in the organic combination of microstructural control and macroscopic property optimization, thus laying a solid foundation for both fundamental research and industrial development in related fields.
Keywords：Electrochemical Polymerization; Functional Polymer Membrane; Potentiostatic Method; Composite Membrane Preparation; Performance Optimization
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 电化学聚合技术的研究背景与意义 1
(二) 功能性聚合物膜制备的研究现状 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、电化学聚合原理与机制分析 2
(一) 电化学聚合的基本原理 2
(二) 聚合反应的动力学特性 3
(三) 影响电化学聚合的关键因素 3
三、功能性聚合物膜的制备工艺研究 4
(一) 制备工艺的设计与优化 4
(二) 电极材料的选择与改性 4
(三) 膜性能与制备条件的关系 5
四、功能性聚合物膜的应用性能评价 5
(一) 膜的物理化学性能测试 5
(二) 膜的功能性表征与分析 6
(三) 应用环境下的性能评估 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
