摘 要
农村土地流转作为推动农业现代化和乡村振兴的重要政策工具，近年来受到广泛关注。本研究以农村土地流转对农民收入的影响机制为切入点，在理论分析与实证研究相结合的基础上，探讨了土地流转如何通过优化资源配置、促进规模经营和提升劳动生产率等途径影响农民收入水平。研究基于全国范围内的农户微观调查数据，采用倾向得分匹配（PSM）方法与双重差分模型（DID），有效控制了潜在的内生性问题，从而准确评估了土地流转的净效应。结果表明，参与土地流转的农户人均收入显著高于未参与农户，且这一效应在不同地区和群体间存在异质性：东部地区的增收效果更为明显，而中西部地区则因基础设施和市场条件限制，效应相对有限。此外，土地流转对非农就业机会的创造以及家庭多元化收入来源的拓展也起到了积极作用。本研究的创新点在于首次将土地流转的直接经济收益与间接社会效应纳入统一框架进行分析，并结合区域差异探讨了政策实施效果的多样性。研究结论为完善土地流转制度设计、优化配套政策措施提供了重要参考，同时强调了加强农村基础设施建设、提升农民技能水平对于最大化土地流转效益的关键作用。
关键词：农村土地流转；农民收入；倾向得分匹配
Abstract
Rural land transfer has been widely recognized as a critical policy instrument for promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization in recent years. This study investigates the impact mechanism of rural land transfer on farmers' income, combining theoretical analysis with empirical research to explore how land transfer influences farmers' income levels through optimizing resource allocation, facilitating scaled operation, and enhancing labor productivity. Based on nationwide micro-level household survey data, this study employs propensity score matching (PSM) and difference-in-differences (DID) models to effectively address potential endogeneity issues, thereby accurately estimating the net effects of land transfer. The results indicate that households participating in land transfer have significantly higher per capita income compared to non-participating households, with heterogeneous effects observed across different regions and groups: the income-enhancing effect is more pronounced in eastern regions, whereas it is relatively limited in central and western regions due to constraints in infrastructure and market conditions. Additionally, land transfer positively contributes to the creation of non-agricultural employment opportunities and the diversification of household income sources. A key innovation of this study lies in its integration of the direct economic benefits and indirect social effects of land transfer into a unified analytical fr amework, while also examining the diversity of policy implementation outcomes across regional differences. The findings provide crucial references for refining the institutional design of land transfer and optimizing complementary policy measures, emphasizing the importance of strengthening rural infrastructure development and improving farmers' skill levels to maximize the benefits of land transfer.
Keywords：Rural Land Transfer；Farmers' Income；Propensity Score Matching
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 农村土地流转的理论基础 2
1.1 土地流转的概念界定 2
1.2 土地流转的经济学原理 2
1.3 农民收入的构成分析 3
第二章 土地流转对农民收入的直接影响机制 4
2.1 土地租金收益分析 4
2.2 劳动力解放与就业增收 4
2.3 农业规模化经营效益 5
2.4 资本投入与生产效率提升 5
第三章 土地流转对农民收入的间接影响机制 7
3.1 社会资本积累效应 7
3.2 技术扩散与知识溢出 7
3.3 产业链延伸与附加值提升 8
3.4 市场风险分担机制 8
3.5 区域经济发展带动作用 9
第四章 影响机制的制约因素与对策分析 10
4.1 制度保障体系的完善 10
4.2 流转市场建设现状与问题 10
4.3 农民权益保护机制构建 11
4.4 政策支持与激励措施 11
4.5 可持续发展路径探索 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
农村土地流转作为推动农业现代化和乡村振兴的重要政策工具，近年来受到广泛关注。本研究以农村土地流转对农民收入的影响机制为切入点，在理论分析与实证研究相结合的基础上，探讨了土地流转如何通过优化资源配置、促进规模经营和提升劳动生产率等途径影响农民收入水平。研究基于全国范围内的农户微观调查数据，采用倾向得分匹配（PSM）方法与双重差分模型（DID），有效控制了潜在的内生性问题，从而准确评估了土地流转的净效应。结果表明，参与土地流转的农户人均收入显著高于未参与农户，且这一效应在不同地区和群体间存在异质性：东部地区的增收效果更为明显，而中西部地区则因基础设施和市场条件限制，效应相对有限。此外，土地流转对非农就业机会的创造以及家庭多元化收入来源的拓展也起到了积极作用。本研究的创新点在于首次将土地流转的直接经济收益与间接社会效应纳入统一框架进行分析，并结合区域差异探讨了政策实施效果的多样性。研究结论为完善土地流转制度设计、优化配套政策措施提供了重要参考，同时强调了加强农村基础设施建设、提升农民技能水平对于最大化土地流转效益的关键作用。
关键词：农村土地流转；农民收入；倾向得分匹配
Abstract
Rural land transfer has been widely recognized as a critical policy instrument for promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization in recent years. This study investigates the impact mechanism of rural land transfer on farmers' income, combining theoretical analysis with empirical research to explore how land transfer influences farmers' income levels through optimizing resource allocation, facilitating scaled operation, and enhancing labor productivity. Based on nationwide micro-level household survey data, this study employs propensity score matching (PSM) and difference-in-differences (DID) models to effectively address potential endogeneity issues, thereby accurately estimating the net effects of land transfer. The results indicate that households participating in land transfer have significantly higher per capita income compared to non-participating households, with heterogeneous effects observed across different regions and groups: the income-enhancing effect is more pronounced in eastern regions, whereas it is relatively limited in central and western regions due to constraints in infrastructure and market conditions. Additionally, land transfer positively contributes to the creation of non-agricultural employment opportunities and the diversification of household income sources. A key innovation of this study lies in its integration of the direct economic benefits and indirect social effects of land transfer into a unified analytical fr amework, while also examining the diversity of policy implementation outcomes across regional differences. The findings provide crucial references for refining the institutional design of land transfer and optimizing complementary policy measures, emphasizing the importance of strengthening rural infrastructure development and improving farmers' skill levels to maximize the benefits of land transfer.
Keywords：Rural Land Transfer；Farmers' Income；Propensity Score Matching
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 农村土地流转的理论基础 2
1.1 土地流转的概念界定 2
1.2 土地流转的经济学原理 2
1.3 农民收入的构成分析 3
第二章 土地流转对农民收入的直接影响机制 4
2.1 土地租金收益分析 4
2.2 劳动力解放与就业增收 4
2.3 农业规模化经营效益 5
2.4 资本投入与生产效率提升 5
第三章 土地流转对农民收入的间接影响机制 7
3.1 社会资本积累效应 7
3.2 技术扩散与知识溢出 7
3.3 产业链延伸与附加值提升 8
3.4 市场风险分担机制 8
3.5 区域经济发展带动作用 9
第四章 影响机制的制约因素与对策分析 10
4.1 制度保障体系的完善 10
4.2 流转市场建设现状与问题 10
4.3 农民权益保护机制构建 11
4.4 政策支持与激励措施 11
4.5 可持续发展路径探索 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
