摘 要
清代是中国小说发展的黄金时期，这一时期的市民阶层逐渐壮大，其生活方式和社会结构发生深刻变化。本研究旨在探讨清代小说中所反映的市民生活与社会变迁之间的关系，通过系统梳理和分析清代具有代表性的白话小说文本，如《红楼梦》《儒林外史》等，运用文本细读、历史比较等方法，深入挖掘小说中市民生活的多方面呈现。研究发现，清代小说生动展现了市民阶层在衣食住行、社交娱乐、商业活动等方面的细节，揭示了当时社会从传统向近代转型过程中市民价值观的变化，如对科举制度的态度转变、女性地位的微妙变化等。同时，小说中的描写也反映出城市化进程加速、商品经济繁荣等社会现象。本研究创新性地将文学作品与社会史研究相结合，不仅丰富了对清代市民生活的认知，还为理解中国社会近代化早期特征提供了新的视角，有助于更全面地把握清代社会变迁的复杂性和多样性。
关键词：清代小说；市民生活；社会变迁；文学与社会史；近代化转型
Abstract
The Qing dynasty was a golden age for the development of Chinese fiction, during which the urban class expanded significantly, leading to profound changes in lifestyle and social structure. This study aims to explore the relationship between the urban life reflected in Qing novels and the concurrent social transformations. By systematically examining representative vernacular novels from the Qing period, such as "Dream of the Red Chamber" and "The Scholars," and employing methods like close reading and historical comparison, this research delves into the multifaceted portrayal of urban life in these texts. It is found that Qing novels vividly depict the intricacies of the urban class in various aspects including clothing, food, housing, transportation, social interactions, entertainment, and commercial activities. These depictions reveal shifts in societal values during the transition from traditional to modern society, such as changing attitudes towards the imperial examination system and subtle alterations in women's status. Additionally, the desc riptions in the novels reflect phenomena such as accelerated urbanization and thriving commercial economies. Innovatively combining literary works with social history research, this study not only enriches our understanding of urban life in the Qing dynasty but also provides new perspectives on the early characteristics of China's modernization, contributing to a more comprehensive grasp of the complexity and diversity of social changes during the Qing period.
Keywords：Qing Dynasty Novels；Urban Citizen Life；Social Transformation；Literature And Social History；Modernization Transition
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 清代小说中的市民生活场景 2
1.1 市民生活的文学呈现 2
1.2 日常生活细节的刻画 2
1.3 社会阶层与身份差异 3
第二章 市民价值观的演变与表达 4
2.1 传统伦理与现代观念的碰撞 4
2.2 财富观与职业选择的变化 4
2.3 家庭关系与社会角色 5
第三章 小说中的社会变迁反映 6
3.1 商业发展与城市化进程 6
3.2 政治变革对市民生活的影响 6
3.3 文化转型与思想解放 7
第四章 清代小说的社会功能分析 8
4.1 市民文化的传播媒介 8
4.2 社会批判与道德教化 8
4.3 历史记忆与文化认同 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
