摘 要
《聊斋志异》作为清代文言短篇小说集，蕴含着丰富的奇幻元素与深刻的人性思考。本文以《聊斋志异》为研究对象，在分析其创作背景的基础上，旨在探讨作品中奇幻世界构建与人性探索之间的内在联系。通过对《聊斋志异》文本的细读以及对其中奇幻情节、人物形象等要素的梳理，运用文献研究法和文本分析法，挖掘作者蒲松龄借助奇幻故事所传达的人性观念。研究发现，《聊斋志异》中的奇幻世界并非凭空臆造，而是根植于当时的社会现实，它以超自然现象为载体，反映了封建礼教下人们被压抑的情感与欲望，如爱情追求、社会公平渴望等。书中众多鬼狐精怪形象虽非人类，却展现出复杂多面的人性特征，既有善良、真诚的美好品质，也有贪婪、虚伪的负面属性，这突破了传统妖怪叙事模式，创新性地将人性置于奇幻语境下进行审视。从结果来看，《聊斋志异》通过奇幻世界映射人性，使读者在领略奇幻魅力的同时，深入理解人性的本质，这一独特视角不仅丰富了中国古代文学中关于人性描写的手法，也为现代文学创作提供了宝贵借鉴，即如何借助虚构世界表达深层次的人文关怀。
关键词：聊斋志异；奇幻世界与人性；蒲松龄；封建礼教下的人性表达；鬼狐精怪形象的人性特征
Abstract
"Liaozhai Zhiyi," as a collection of classical short stories in literary Chinese from the Qing dynasty, is rich in fantastic elements and profound reflections on human nature. This study takes "Liaozhai Zhiyi" as its research ob ject and aims to explore the intrinsic connection between the construction of its fantastical world and the examination of human nature, based on an analysis of its creative background. By employing close reading of the text and organizing elements such as fantastical plots and character portrayals, combined with documentary research and textual analysis methods, this study uncovers the humanistic concepts conveyed by Pu Songling through his fantastical narratives. The findings indicate that the fantastical world depicted in "Liaozhai Zhiyi" is not arbitrarily fabricated but is instead deeply rooted in the social realities of its time. Using supernatural phenomena as a medium, it reflects suppressed emotions and desires under feudal Confucian norms, such as the pursuit of love and the longing for social justice. Although the numerous ghost, fox spirit, and monster characters in the book are non-human, they exhibit complex and multifaceted human characteristics, possessing both positive qualities like kindness and sincerity and negative traits such as greed and hypocrisy. This transcends traditional modes of monster narratives and innovatively places human nature within a fantastical context for scrutiny. Ultimately, "Liaozhai Zhiyi" mirrors human nature through its fantastical world, allowing readers to appreciate the allure of the fantastical while gaining deeper insights into the essence of human nature. This unique perspective not only enriches the techniques of portraying human nature in ancient Chinese literature but also provides valuable reference for modern literary creation in terms of expressing profound humanitarian concerns through fictional worlds."
Keywords：Liaozhai Zhiyi；Fantastic World And Human Nature；Pu Songling；ex pression Of Human Nature Under Feudal Ritual Teachings；Human Characteristics Of Ghost Fox Spirits
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 奇幻世界的构建与意义 2
1.1 聊斋志异的奇幻元素分析 2
1.2 奇幻世界的文化背景探讨 2
1.3 奇幻叙事的艺术手法研究 3
第二章 人性在奇幻中的映射 4
2.1 奇幻情节中的人性表现 4
2.2 人鬼狐妖的人性化书写 4
2.3 奇幻与现实交织下的人性思考 5
第三章 奇幻世界中的道德与伦理 6
3.1 道德观念在奇幻故事中的体现 6
3.2 伦理冲突与人性抉择的研究 6
3.3 奇幻叙事中的善恶观解析 7
第四章 奇幻与人性的哲学意蕴 8
4.1 奇幻世界中的存在主义思考 8
4.2 人性探索的哲学维度分析 8
4.3 奇幻与人性的终极关怀探讨 9
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
