植物生长调节剂在作物抗逆栽培中的调控机理研究 -农学专业

摘要

植物生长调节剂在作物抗逆栽培中的调控机理研究聚焦于全球气候变化背景下，极端环境对农作物产量和品质的负面影响日益显著，传统栽培技术难以满足作物稳定生产的需求。本研究旨在探讨植物生长调节剂在提高作物抗逆性方面的应用潜力及其作用机制。通过系统分析不同种类植物生长调节剂对多种作物在干旱、盐碱、低温等逆境条件下的生理生化响应，利用分子生物学、生理学及生物化学等多学科手段进行深入探究。外源施加特定植物生长调节剂可有效增强作物抗氧化酶活性，促进渗透调节物质积累，改善根系形态结构，进而提升作物对逆境的适应能力。创新性地揭示了某些植物生长调节剂通过调控关键基因表达，影响信号转导通路，从而实现对作物抗逆性的精准调控。本研究不仅为深入理解植物生长调节剂的作用机制提供了理论依据，也为开发新型高效抗逆栽培技术奠定了基础，具有重要的科学意义和广阔的应用前景。

关键词：植物生长调节剂；作物抗逆性；生理生化响应

Study on the Regulatory Mechanisms of Plant Growth Regulators in Stress-Resistant Crop Cultivation

ABSTRACT

The research on the regulation mechanism of plant growth regulators in crop stress-resistant cultivation focuses on the increasing negative impact of extreme environment on crop yield and quality under the background of global climate change, and the traditional cultivation technology is difficult to meet the needs of stable crop production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of plant growth regulators in improving crop stress resistance and its mechanism of action. The physiological and biochemical responses of different plant growth regulators to various crops under drought, saline-alkali, low temperature and other adverse conditions were systematically analyzed, and the multi-disciplinary methods of molecular biology, physiology and biochemistry were used to further explore. Exogenous application of specific plant growth regulators can effectively enhance the activity of crop antioxidant enzymes, promote the accumulation of osmotic regulatory substances, improve root morphology and structure, and thus enhance the adaptability of crops to adversity. It was innovatively revealed that some plant growth regulators affect signal transduction pathways by regulating the ex pression of key genes, so as to achieve precise regulation of crop stress resistance. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for further understanding of the mechanism of plant growth regulators, but also lays a foundation for the development of new high-efficiency stress-resistant cultivation technology, which has important scientific significance and broad application prospects.

KEY WORDS：Plant Growth Regulators；Crop Stress Tolerance；Physiological And Biochemical Responses

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

引言 1

第一章植物生长调节剂概述 2

1.1 植物生长调节剂的分类 2

1.2 主要植物生长调节剂的作用机制 2

1.3 植物生长调节剂的应用现状 2

第二章作物抗逆性基础理论 3

2.1 作物抗逆性的生物学基础 3

2.2 抗逆栽培的关键因素分析 3

2.3 抗逆性与环境胁迫的关系 3