摘 要
《子夜》作为茅盾先生的代表作，深刻描绘了20世纪30年代中国都市生活的复杂图景，并揭示了阶级矛盾的本质。本研究以社会历史批评与文化研究方法为基础，结合文本细读与结构主义分析，旨在探讨作品中都市生活的真实再现及其背后隐藏的阶级冲突。通过梳理小说中的经济活动、社会关系及人物命运，本文揭示了资本主义侵入下传统社会结构的解体过程，同时剖析了不同阶级在现代化进程中的生存状态与心理特征。研究表明，《子夜》不仅是一部文学作品，更是对当时社会现实的深度映射，其对都市生活与阶级矛盾的刻画具有超越时代的洞察力。本研究的创新点在于将文本置于更广泛的社会语境中进行解读，强调作者对现代性问题的思考，并为理解茅盾创作的思想内涵提供了新视角。最终结论表明，《子夜》通过复杂的叙事结构和多维的人物塑造，成功展现了中国早期现代化进程中都市生活的矛盾本质，为后世研究提供了重要参考价值。
关键词：子夜；阶级矛盾；社会历史批评
Abstract
"Midnight," as a representative work of Mao Dun, vividly portrays the intricate landscape of urban life in China during the 1930s and reveals the essence of class contradictions. This study, grounded in social-historical criticism and cultural studies methodologies, integrates close reading with structuralist analysis to explore the authentic representation of urban life in the novel and the underlying class conflicts. By examining economic activities, social relationships, and character fates within the narrative, this paper uncovers the process of traditional social structure disintegration under capitalist intrusion, while analyzing the living conditions and psychological characteristics of different classes during modernization. The research demonstrates that "Midnight" is not merely a literary work but also a profound reflection of contemporary social realities, with its depiction of urban life and class conflict exhibiting timeless insight. The innovation of this study lies in interpreting the text within a broader social context, emphasizing the author's contemplation on issues of modernity, and providing new perspectives for understanding the ideological connotations of Mao Dun's creation. The final conclusion indicates that through its complex narrative structure and multidimensional character development, "Midnight" successfully captures the contradictory essence of urban life in early Chinese modernization, offering significant reference value for subsequent research.
Keywords: Midnight；Class Conflict；Social Historical Criticism
目 录
引言 1
一、《子夜》中的都市空间构建 1
（一）都市地理环境描写 1
（二）现代都市建筑呈现 1
（三）都市空间与人物活动 2
二、都市生活百态展现 2
（一）上层社会生活场景 2
（二）中产阶级生活方式 3
（三）底层民众生存状态 3
三、阶级矛盾的多维体现 4
（一）不同阶级财富差距 4
（二）阶级间的思想冲突 4
（三）阶级矛盾引发事件 5
四、阶级矛盾下的命运走向 5
（一）上层阶级的结局预示 5
（二）中产阶级的挣扎求存 6
（三）底层人民的出路探寻 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
《子夜》作为茅盾先生的代表作，深刻描绘了20世纪30年代中国都市生活的复杂图景，并揭示了阶级矛盾的本质。本研究以社会历史批评与文化研究方法为基础，结合文本细读与结构主义分析，旨在探讨作品中都市生活的真实再现及其背后隐藏的阶级冲突。通过梳理小说中的经济活动、社会关系及人物命运，本文揭示了资本主义侵入下传统社会结构的解体过程，同时剖析了不同阶级在现代化进程中的生存状态与心理特征。研究表明，《子夜》不仅是一部文学作品，更是对当时社会现实的深度映射，其对都市生活与阶级矛盾的刻画具有超越时代的洞察力。本研究的创新点在于将文本置于更广泛的社会语境中进行解读，强调作者对现代性问题的思考，并为理解茅盾创作的思想内涵提供了新视角。最终结论表明，《子夜》通过复杂的叙事结构和多维的人物塑造，成功展现了中国早期现代化进程中都市生活的矛盾本质，为后世研究提供了重要参考价值。
关键词：子夜；阶级矛盾；社会历史批评
Abstract
"Midnight," as a representative work of Mao Dun, vividly portrays the intricate landscape of urban life in China during the 1930s and reveals the essence of class contradictions. This study, grounded in social-historical criticism and cultural studies methodologies, integrates close reading with structuralist analysis to explore the authentic representation of urban life in the novel and the underlying class conflicts. By examining economic activities, social relationships, and character fates within the narrative, this paper uncovers the process of traditional social structure disintegration under capitalist intrusion, while analyzing the living conditions and psychological characteristics of different classes during modernization. The research demonstrates that "Midnight" is not merely a literary work but also a profound reflection of contemporary social realities, with its depiction of urban life and class conflict exhibiting timeless insight. The innovation of this study lies in interpreting the text within a broader social context, emphasizing the author's contemplation on issues of modernity, and providing new perspectives for understanding the ideological connotations of Mao Dun's creation. The final conclusion indicates that through its complex narrative structure and multidimensional character development, "Midnight" successfully captures the contradictory essence of urban life in early Chinese modernization, offering significant reference value for subsequent research.
Keywords: Midnight；Class Conflict；Social Historical Criticism
目 录
引言 1
一、《子夜》中的都市空间构建 1
（一）都市地理环境描写 1
（二）现代都市建筑呈现 1
（三）都市空间与人物活动 2
二、都市生活百态展现 2
（一）上层社会生活场景 2
（二）中产阶级生活方式 3
（三）底层民众生存状态 3
三、阶级矛盾的多维体现 4
（一）不同阶级财富差距 4
（二）阶级间的思想冲突 4
（三）阶级矛盾引发事件 5
四、阶级矛盾下的命运走向 5
（一）上层阶级的结局预示 5
（二）中产阶级的挣扎求存 6
（三）底层人民的出路探寻 6
结 论 7
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
