摘 要
随着土木工程结构老化和荷载需求增加，传统加固方法难以满足现代工程要求。高性能纤维增强复合材料（FRP）以其优异的力学性能、耐腐蚀性和施工便捷性成为土木工程加固领域的研究热点。本文旨在探讨FRP在不同类型土木工程结构加固中的应用效果及其创新技术。通过对国内外大量实际工程案例分析，并结合实验室条件下对加固构件进行静力加载、疲劳试验等测试手段，系统研究了FRP加固混凝土梁、柱、板等构件的受力机理及破坏模式。结果表明，FRP能够显著提高结构承载能力、延性和抗震性能，尤其在复杂环境下的长期稳定性表现突出。创新性地提出了一种基于有限元分析与现场监测数据融合的优化设计方法，实现了对加固效果的精准预测与评估。该方法不仅为FRP加固技术提供了理论依据，还为工程实践提供了可靠指导，推动了FRP材料在土木工程加固领域更加广泛的应用和发展。研究表明，FRP加固技术具有广阔的应用前景，在提升既有建筑安全性方面展现出巨大潜力。
关键词：纤维增强复合材料；土木工程加固；承载能力提升；有限元分析；长期稳定性
Abstract
With the aging of civil engineering structures and increasing load demands, traditional reinforcement methods are struggling to meet modern engineering requirements. High-performance fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as a research focus in the field of civil engineering reinforcement due to their superior mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and ease of construction. This paper aims to investigate the application effects and innovative technologies of FRP in reinforcing different types of civil engineering structures. By analyzing a large number of practical engineering cases both domestically and internationally, and combining laboratory tests such as static loading and fatigue testing on reinforced components, a systematic study was conducted on the mechanical behavior and failure modes of FRP-reinforced concrete beams, columns, and slabs. The results indicate that FRP can significantly enhance the load-bearing capacity, ductility, and seismic performance of structures, particularly demonstrating outstanding long-term stability in complex environments. An innovative optimization design method based on the integration of finite element analysis and on-site monitoring data is proposed, achieving precise prediction and evaluation of reinforcement effects. This method not only provides theoretical support for FRP reinforcement technology but also offers reliable guidance for engineering practice, promoting wider application and development of FRP materials in the field of civil engineering reinforcement. Research findings suggest that FRP reinforcement technology has broad application prospects and shows significant potential in enhancing the safety of existing buildings.
Keywords：Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials；Civil Engineering Strengthening；Load Capacity Enhancement；Finite Element Analysis；Long-Term Stability
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 高性能纤维增强复合材料概述 2
1.1 材料组成与特性 2
1.2 制备工艺与方法 2
1.3 应用背景与发展现状 3
第二章 加固机理与设计原理 5
2.1 力学性能分析 5
2.2 结构加固原理 5
2.3 设计计算方法 6
第三章 工程应用实例分析 8
3.1 桥梁加固工程 8
3.2 建筑结构加固 8
3.3 特殊环境下的应用 9
第四章 施工技术与质量控制 10
4.1 施工工艺流程 10
4.2 质量检测标准 10
4.3 安全与环保措施 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
