摘 要
乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一，化疗作为主要治疗手段，在杀灭癌细胞的同时也给患者带来诸多不良反应，严重影响其生活质量。为探究乳腺癌患者化疗期间生活质量的影响因素并提出有效的护理干预措施，本研究选取某三甲医院2019年1月至2021年12月收治的300例乳腺癌化疗患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量测定量表核心量表进行问卷调查，并收集患者的临床资料。通过单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析发现，年龄、文化程度、家庭月收入、婚姻状况、并发症、化疗方案、心理状态等因素对乳腺癌患者化疗期间生活质量有显著影响。基于此，构建了以整体护理理念为导向，涵盖健康教育、心理护理、症状管理等多方面的综合护理干预模式。实施该模式后，患者的生活质量评分明显提高，焦虑抑郁情绪减轻，对护理工作的满意度提升。本研究创新性地将多种影响因素纳入考量范围，构建了系统全面的护理干预体系，为改善乳腺癌患者化疗期间的生活质量提供了新思路和有效方法，具有重要的临床应用价值。
关键词：乳腺癌化疗；生活质量；影响因素；综合护理干预；心理状态
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and chemotherapy, as a primary treatment modality, while effective in killing cancer cells, also brings numerous adverse reactions that significantly impair patients' quality of life. To investigate the influencing factors on the quality of life of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy and to propose effective nursing interventions, this study selected 300 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a tertiary hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 as research subjects. Questionnaires were administered using a general information survey form and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30, along with the collection of clinical data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that age, educational level, family monthly income, marital status, comorbidities, chemotherapy regimen, and psychological state significantly influenced the quality of life of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Based on these findings, an integrated nursing intervention model guided by holistic nursing principles was constructed, encompassing health education, psychological care, symptom management, and other aspects. After implementing this model, there was a notable improvement in patients' quality of life scores, a reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms, and an increase in satisfaction with nursing care. This study innovatively incorporated multiple influencing factors into consideration, establishing a comprehensive and systematic nursing intervention system that provides new insights and effective methods for improving the quality of life of breast cancer patients during chemotherapy, demonstrating significant clinical application value.
Keywords：Breast Cancer Chemotherapy；Quality Of Life；Influencing Factors；Comprehensive Nursing Intervention；Psychological State
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 乳腺癌化疗患者生活质量概述 2
1.1 生活质量概念界定 2
1.2 化疗对生活质量的影响 2
1.3 研究现状与问题分析 3
第二章 影响生活质量的主要因素 5
2.1 身体症状的负面影响 5
2.2 心理状态的变化特征 5
2.3 社会支持系统的作用 6
第三章 护理干预措施的设计 7
3.1 综合护理模式构建 7
3.2 身体症状管理策略 7
3.3 心理支持干预方法 8
第四章 护理干预效果评估 9
4.1 干预效果评价指标 9
4.2 患者反馈与改进建议 9
4.3 长期跟踪观察结果 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
