摘 要
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是全球范围内常见的呼吸系统疾病，严重影响患者的生活质量。自我效能感作为个体对自身能力的信念，在慢性病管理中起着关键作用。本研究旨在探讨COPD患者自我效能感与呼吸锻炼依从性之间的相关性，为提高患者健康管理提供理论依据。采用横断面调查设计，选取某三甲医院呼吸科门诊及住院部确诊为COPD的240例患者为研究对象，通过一般资料问卷、COPD自我效能量表和呼吸锻炼依从性量表进行数据收集。结果显示，COPD患者自我效能感得分为（56.3±12.7）分，呼吸锻炼依从性得分为（68.4±15.2）分；自我效能感与呼吸锻炼依从性呈显著正相关（r=0.67，P0.01）。进一步分析发现，不同性别、年龄、文化程度、病程等人口学特征在自我效能感和呼吸锻炼依从性上存在差异，其中女性、高学历、短病程患者的得分相对较高。多元线性回归分析表明，自我效能感是影响呼吸锻炼依从性的独立因素（β=0.43，P0.01）。本研究创新性地聚焦于COPD患者自我效能感与呼吸锻炼依从性的关系，揭示了提升自我效能感有助于增强患者呼吸锻炼依从性，为临床制定个性化干预措施提供了新思路，对改善COPD患者病情管理和生活质量具有重要意义。
关键词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病；自我效能感；呼吸锻炼依从性；相关性分析；个性化干预措施
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease worldwide that significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Self-efficacy, as an individual's belief in their own capabilities, plays a crucial role in chronic disease management. This study aims to investigate the correlation between self-efficacy and adherence to respiratory exercises among COPD patients, providing theoretical evidence for enhancing patient health management. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, selecting 240 patients diagnosed with COPD from the outpatient and inpatient departments of a tertiary hospital. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the COPD Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Adherence to Respiratory Exercises Scale. The results indicated that the mean score for self-efficacy was 56.3 ± 12.7, while the mean score for adherence to respiratory exercises was 68.4 ± 15.2; self-efficacy was significantly positively correlated with adherence to respiratory exercises (r = 0.67, P 0.01). Further analysis revealed differences in self-efficacy and adherence to respiratory exercises based on demographic characteristics such as gender, age, education level, and disease duration, with higher scores observed among females, those with higher education levels, and patients with shorter disease durations. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that self-efficacy is an independent factor influencing adherence to respiratory exercises (β = 0.43, P 0.01). This study innovatively focuses on the relationship between self-efficacy and adherence to respiratory exercises in COPD patients, revealing that enhancing self-efficacy can improve adherence to respiratory exercises. It provides new insights for developing personalized interventions in clinical settings, which is of significant importance for improving COPD patient disease management and quality of life.
Keywords：Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease；Self-Efficacy；Adherence To Breathing Exercises；Correlation Analysis；Personalized Intervention Measures
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 慢性阻塞性肺疾病概述 2
1.1 疾病定义与流行病学 2
1.2 呼吸锻炼的重要性 2
1.3 自我效能感的理论基础 3
第二章 自我效能感对呼吸锻炼的影响 5
2.1 自我效能感的测量方法 5
2.2 高自我效能感患者的特征 5
2.3 自我效能感与呼吸锻炼频率的关系 6
第三章 呼吸锻炼依从性的现状分析 8
3.1 依从性的影响因素 8
3.2 不同年龄段患者的依从性差异 8
3.3 提高依从性的干预措施 9
第四章 自我效能感与依从性的相关性研究 11
4.1 相关性研究的设计与方法 11
4.2 数据分析与结果讨论 11
4.3 改善依从性的策略建议 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
