摘 要
高血压是全球范围内严重影响公众健康的慢性疾病，社区作为高血压防控的重要阵地，家庭访视护理作为一种新型护理模式，在提高患者血压控制率、改善患者生活质量方面具有潜在优势。为探讨社区高血压患者家庭访视护理的效果，本研究选取某市三个社区卫生服务中心2021年1月至2022年1月期间确诊的300例高血压患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各150例，对照组采用常规社区护理干预，观察组在常规护理基础上增加家庭访视护理干预，家庭访视内容包括健康教育、生活方式指导、用药监督等。经过为期一年的干预，结果显示观察组患者的血压控制优良率为86.67%，显著高于对照组的70.00%，差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；观察组患者的服药依从性良好率为92.00%，明显优于对照组的76.00%(P0.05)；观察组患者的生活质量各项指标评分均高于对照组(P0.05)。本研究创新性地将家庭访视护理深入到社区高血压患者护理中，不仅弥补了社区医疗资源不足的问题，还通过个性化的家庭访视提高了患者自我管理能力，为社区高血压患者的护理提供了新的思路和方法，有助于推动社区高血压防治工作的深入开展。
关键词：高血压；社区护理；家庭访视；血压控制；服药依从性；生活质量
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic disease that seriously affects public health globally. As an important front for hypertension prevention and control, community-based home visit nursing, as a novel care model, has potential advantages in improving blood pressure control rates and enhancing patients' quality of life. To investigate the effects of home visit nursing on hypertensive patients in communities, this study selected 300 hypertensive patients diagnosed between January 2021 and January 2022 from three community health service centers in a city. These patients were divided into an observation group and a control group of 150 patients each according to a random number table method. The control group received routine community nursing interventions, while the observation group received additional home visit nursing interventions based on routine care. The home visit content included health education, lifestyle guidance, medication supervision, and other aspects. After one year of intervention, the results showed that the excellent blood pressure control rate in the observation group was 86.67%, significantly higher than the 70.00% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P0.05). The good medication adherence rate in the observation group was 92.00%, markedly better than the 76.00% in the control group (P0.05). The scores for all quality of life indicators in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P0.05). This study innovatively integrated home visit nursing into the care of hypertensive patients in communities, not only addressing the issue of insufficient community medical resources but also improving patients' self-management abilities through personalized home visits. It provides new ideas and methods for the nursing of hypertensive patients in communities and contributes to the in-depth development of hypertension prevention and control work in communities.
Keywords：Hypertension；Community Nursing；Home Visits；Blood Pressure Control；Medication Adherence；Quality Of Life
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 社区高血压患者家庭访视护理现状 2
1.1 家庭访视护理模式概述 2
1.2 社区高血压患者特点分析 2
1.3 现有家庭访视护理问题探讨 3
第二章 家庭访视护理对血压控制的影响 5
2.1 血压监测与管理效果 5
2.2 生活方式干预的效果评估 5
2.3 用药依从性改善情况 6
第三章 家庭访视护理对患者生活质量的影响 8
3.1 心理健康状况改善 8
3.2 日常活动能力提升 8
3.3 患者满意度调查分析 9
第四章 家庭访视护理的实施优化策略 11
4.1 护理人员培训需求 11
4.2 访视流程标准化建设 11
4.3 多方协作机制构建 12
结 论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
