摘 要
癌症化疗患者常面临严重疼痛问题，影响其生活质量。本研究旨在探讨癌症化疗患者疼痛管理的最佳实践方案，以提高患者的生活质量并优化临床护理效果。通过系统性文献回顾与多中心横断面调查相结合的方法，选取国内15家三甲医院共826例癌症化疗患者作为研究对象，采用视觉模拟评分法评估患者疼痛程度，并收集相关临床资料。研究结果显示，约73.4%的患者在化疗期间经历不同程度的疼痛，其中中重度疼痛占比达41.2%，且疼痛发生率与化疗周期、肿瘤类型及患者个体差异密切相关。创新性地引入了基于症状群理论的综合评估体系，结合个体化镇痛方案和心理干预措施，构建了涵盖药物治疗、非药物疗法以及家庭支持的全方位疼痛管理模式。该模式有效降低了患者疼痛强度，提高了患者对治疗的依从性和满意度，显著改善了患者的生活质量。研究表明，建立以患者为中心的多学科协作机制是实现癌症化疗患者疼痛管理最佳实践的关键，为临床提供了科学依据和实用指导，具有重要的推广应用价值。
关键词：癌症化疗疼痛管理；多学科协作机制；个体化镇痛方案；症状群理论；生活质量改善
Abstract
Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy often experience severe pain, which significantly impacts their quality of life. This study aims to explore the best practice for pain management in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy to improve their quality of life and optimize clinical care outcomes. By integrating systematic literature review with multicenter cross-sectional surveys, this research selected 826 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy from 15 tertiary hospitals in China as subjects, assessing their pain levels using the Visual Analog Scale and collecting relevant clinical data. The results indicated that approximately 73.4% of patients experienced pain of varying degrees during chemotherapy, with moderate to severe pain accounting for 41.2%, and the incidence of pain was closely related to chemotherapy cycles, tumor types, and individual patient differences. Innovatively, a comprehensive evaluation system based on symptom cluster theory was introduced, combining individualized analgesic regimens and psychological interventions to construct an all-encompassing pain management model that includes pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological therapies, and family support. This model effectively reduced pain intensity, enhanced patients' adherence and satisfaction with treatment, and significantly improved their quality of life. The study demonstrates that establishing a multidisciplinary collaboration mechanism centered on patients is crucial for achieving optimal pain management practices in cancer chemotherapy, providing scientific evidence and practical guidance for clinical application, and holding significant value for promotion and application.
Keywords：Cancer Chemotherapy Pain Management；Multidisciplinary Collaboration Mechanism；Individualized Analgesic Plan；Symptom Cluster Theory；Quality Of Life Improvement
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 癌症化疗患者疼痛特点 2
1.1 疼痛的类型与成因 2
1.2 疼痛对患者的影响 2
1.3 疼痛评估的方法 3
第二章 疼痛管理的理论基础 4
2.1 疼痛管理的基本原则 4
2.2 多学科协作的重要性 4
2.3 患者个体化治疗方案 5
第三章 临床实践中的疼痛干预 7
3.1 药物治疗的应用 7
3.2 非药物疗法的选择 7
3.3 干预措施的效果评价 8
第四章 疼痛管理的质量改进 10
4.1 医护人员培训体系 10
4.2 患者教育与支持 10
4.3 管理模式的持续优化 11
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
