摘 要
产后抑郁症（Postpartum Depression, PPD）是女性在产褥期常见的精神障碍，严重影响产妇身心健康及家庭和谐。为改善这一现状，本研究旨在探讨PPD早期筛查与护理干预模式，以提高识别率和干预效果。本研究采用多中心、前瞻性队列研究设计，在2019年6月至2022年6月期间选取某市三所三级甲等医院的1200名产妇作为研究对象，基于爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）进行定期筛查，并将产妇分为干预组和对照组，干预组接受包括心理支持、健康教育、家庭参与等在内的综合护理干预措施。结果显示，干预组PPD发生率为8.3%，显著低于对照组的15.7%；且干预组产妇在焦虑水平、睡眠质量、社会功能等方面均有明显改善。本研究创新性地构建了“医护-家庭-社区”三位一体的PPD早期筛查与护理干预模式，不仅强调医疗团队的专业指导作用，更重视家庭和社会的支持力量，实现了从单一医疗干预向全方位健康管理的转变，为降低PPD发病率提供了新思路和有效途径，对促进母婴健康具有重要意义。
关键词：产后抑郁症；早期筛查；护理干预；医护-家庭-社区模式；焦虑水平改善
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common mental disorder among women during the postpartum period, significantly impacting maternal physical and mental health as well as family harmony. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate early screening and nursing intervention models for PPD to improve identification rates and intervention outcomes. A multicenter, prospective cohort study design was employed, selecting 1200 postpartum women from three tertiary hospitals in a city between June 2019 and June 2022. Regular screenings were conducted using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and participants were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received comprehensive nursing interventions including psychological support, health education, and family involvement. Results indicated that the incidence of PPD in the intervention group was 8.3%, significantly lower than the 15.7% in the control group. Additionally, the intervention group showed marked improvements in anxiety levels, sleep quality, and social functioning. This study innovatively constructed a tripartite early screening and nursing intervention model involving healthcare providers, families, and communities. It not only emphasizes the professional guidance of medical teams but also highlights the importance of family and societal support, achieving a transformation from single-focused medical intervention to comprehensive health management. This approach provides new insights and effective strategies for reducing PPD incidence, contributing significantly to maternal and infant health promotion.
Keywords：Postpartum Depression；Early Screening；Nursing Intervention；Medical-Care-Family-Community Model；Improvement Of Anxiety Levels
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 产后抑郁症的现状与挑战 2
1.1 产后抑郁症的流行病学特征 2
1.2 发病机制与风险因素分析 2
1.3 当前筛查与干预存在的问题 3
第二章 早期筛查体系的构建 4
2.1 筛查工具的选择与优化 4
2.2 筛查时机与频率的确定 5
2.3 筛查流程的标准化建设 5
第三章 护理干预模式的探索 7
3.1 心理支持体系的建立 7
3.2 家庭参与式护理模式 7
3.3 社区联动的干预策略 8
第四章 综合管理模式的实践 10
4.1 多学科协作机制的构建 10
4.2 干预效果的评估指标 10
4.3 持续改进与质量控制 11
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
