摘 要
债权人代位权作为民法典中保障债权实现的重要制度，在市场经济运行和民事权利保护方面具有不可替代的作用，然而在司法实践中面临诸多困境亟待解决。本研究基于我国民法典相关规定，结合国内外理论研究成果与司法案例，深入剖析债权人代位权行使过程中存在的法律问题，旨在为完善该制度提供可行对策。通过文献研究法、比较分析法等方法探究发现，当前存在代位权行使条件过于严格、债务人怠于行使到期债权的认定标准模糊、次债务人抗辩权范围界定不清等问题。针对上述问题提出优化建议，如适当放宽代位权行使条件，明确债务人怠于行使到期债权的判断标准，合理界定次债务人抗辩权范围等。本研究创新性地从立法目的出发重新审视债权人代位权相关条款，不仅有助于明晰债权人、债务人及次债务人之间的权利义务关系，而且对促进民法典的有效实施，维护交易安全和市场秩序稳定有着重要意义。
关键词：债权人代位权 民法典 代位权行使条件
Abstract
The right of subrogation, as an essential institution in the Civil Code for securing the realization of creditor's rights, plays an irreplaceable role in the operation of the market economy and the protection of civil rights. However, it faces numerous challenges in judicial practice that urgently need to be addressed. This study, grounded in the relevant provisions of China’s Civil Code and integrating both domestic and international theoretical research outcomes along with judicial cases, thoroughly examines the legal issues encountered during the exercise of the creditor's right of subrogation, aiming to provide feasible solutions for improving this institution. Through methods such as literature review and comparative analysis, it is found that current problems include overly stringent conditions for exercising the right of subrogation, ambiguous criteria for determining whether a debtor has neglected to exercise due claims, and unclear definitions of the scope of defenses available to secondary debtors. In response to these issues, optimization suggestions are proposed, such as moderately relaxing the conditions for exercising the right of subrogation, clarifying the standards for judging whether a debtor has neglected to exercise due claims, and reasonably defining the scope of defenses available to secondary debtors. Innovatively, this study re-examines the relevant provisions on the right of subrogation from the perspective of legislative intent, which not only helps clarify the rights and obligations among creditors, debtors, and secondary debtors but also significantly contributes to the effective implementation of the Civil Code, safeguarding transaction security and maintaining market order stability.
Keyword:Creditor's Subrogation Right Civil Code Conditions For Exercising Subrogation Right
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究方法与思路 2
2债权人代位权的理论基础 2
2.1代位权的基本概念 2
2.2代位权的法律性质 3
2.3代位权的历史沿革 3
3民法典中债权人代位权行使的条件 4
3.1行使代位权的前提条件 4
3.2行使代位权的具体要求 4
3.3行使代位权的程序规定 5
4民法典中债权人代位权行使中的问题 6
4.1代位权行使范围的界定 6
4.2代位权行使主体的资格 6
4.3代位权行使效果的争议 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
债权人代位权作为民法典中保障债权实现的重要制度，在市场经济运行和民事权利保护方面具有不可替代的作用，然而在司法实践中面临诸多困境亟待解决。本研究基于我国民法典相关规定，结合国内外理论研究成果与司法案例，深入剖析债权人代位权行使过程中存在的法律问题，旨在为完善该制度提供可行对策。通过文献研究法、比较分析法等方法探究发现，当前存在代位权行使条件过于严格、债务人怠于行使到期债权的认定标准模糊、次债务人抗辩权范围界定不清等问题。针对上述问题提出优化建议，如适当放宽代位权行使条件，明确债务人怠于行使到期债权的判断标准，合理界定次债务人抗辩权范围等。本研究创新性地从立法目的出发重新审视债权人代位权相关条款，不仅有助于明晰债权人、债务人及次债务人之间的权利义务关系，而且对促进民法典的有效实施，维护交易安全和市场秩序稳定有着重要意义。
关键词：债权人代位权 民法典 代位权行使条件
Abstract
The right of subrogation, as an essential institution in the Civil Code for securing the realization of creditor's rights, plays an irreplaceable role in the operation of the market economy and the protection of civil rights. However, it faces numerous challenges in judicial practice that urgently need to be addressed. This study, grounded in the relevant provisions of China’s Civil Code and integrating both domestic and international theoretical research outcomes along with judicial cases, thoroughly examines the legal issues encountered during the exercise of the creditor's right of subrogation, aiming to provide feasible solutions for improving this institution. Through methods such as literature review and comparative analysis, it is found that current problems include overly stringent conditions for exercising the right of subrogation, ambiguous criteria for determining whether a debtor has neglected to exercise due claims, and unclear definitions of the scope of defenses available to secondary debtors. In response to these issues, optimization suggestions are proposed, such as moderately relaxing the conditions for exercising the right of subrogation, clarifying the standards for judging whether a debtor has neglected to exercise due claims, and reasonably defining the scope of defenses available to secondary debtors. Innovatively, this study re-examines the relevant provisions on the right of subrogation from the perspective of legislative intent, which not only helps clarify the rights and obligations among creditors, debtors, and secondary debtors but also significantly contributes to the effective implementation of the Civil Code, safeguarding transaction security and maintaining market order stability.
Keyword:Creditor's Subrogation Right Civil Code Conditions For Exercising Subrogation Right
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究方法与思路 2
2债权人代位权的理论基础 2
2.1代位权的基本概念 2
2.2代位权的法律性质 3
2.3代位权的历史沿革 3
3民法典中债权人代位权行使的条件 4
3.1行使代位权的前提条件 4
3.2行使代位权的具体要求 4
3.3行使代位权的程序规定 5
4民法典中债权人代位权行使中的问题 6
4.1代位权行使范围的界定 6
4.2代位权行使主体的资格 6
4.3代位权行使效果的争议 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
