摘 要
脑卒中是严重威胁人类健康的常见疾病，其高发病率、致残率和复发率给患者家庭及社会带来沉重负担。为改善患者预后，本研究聚焦于脑卒中患者早期康复护理的实施与效果评价。以某三甲医院神经内科2020年1月至2022年12月收治的300例脑卒中患者为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各150例，对照组接受常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施早期康复护理干预，包括病情评估、体位管理、肢体功能训练、吞咽功能训练、语言功能训练等。通过 Barthel 指数、Fugl - Meyer 运动功能评定量表、NIHSS 评分等工具，在入院时、治疗1个月、3个月、6个月对两组患者进行评估。结果显示，观察组患者在各个时间点的 Barthel 指数、Fugl - Meyer 评分均显著高于对照组，NIHSS 评分显著低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。这表明早期康复护理能有效提高脑卒中患者的生活自理能力，改善运动功能，减轻神经功能缺损程度。本研究创新性地将早期康复护理全面系统地应用于脑卒中患者，并对其效果进行了多维度量化评价，为临床护理工作提供了科学依据，有助于优化脑卒中患者的护理模式，提高护理质量，促进患者早日康复回归社会。
关键词：脑卒中；早期康复护理；Barthel指数；Fugl-Meyer量表
Abstract
Stroke is a common disease that seriously threatens human health, and its high incidence, disability rate, and recurrence rate impose a heavy burden on patients' families and society. To improve patient prognosis, this study focused on the implementation and evaluation of early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients. A total of 300 stroke patients admitted to the neurology department of a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as research subjects and divided into an observation group and a control group of 150 cases each according to a random number table method. The control group received routine care, while the observation group underwent early rehabilitation nursing interventions based on routine care, including condition assessment, position management, limb function training, swallowing function training, and speech function training. The Barthel Index, Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment Scale, and NIHSS scores were used to evaluate both groups at admission, and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment. The results showed that the Barthel Index and Fugl-Meyer scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at all time points, while the NIHSS scores were significantly lower, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). This indicates that early rehabilitation nursing can effectively enhance the self-care ability of stroke patients, improve motor function, and reduce the degree of neurological impairment. This study innovatively applied a comprehensive and systematic early rehabilitation nursing approach to stroke patients and conducted multidimensional quantitative evaluations of its effects, providing scientific evidence for clinical nursing work, which is conducive to optimizing the nursing model for stroke patients, improving nursing quality, and promoting their early recovery and reintegration into society.
Keywords：Stroke；Early Rehabilitation Nursing；Barthel Index；Fugl-Meyer Assessment
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 脑卒中早期康复护理概述 2
1.1 脑卒中患者特点分析 2
1.2 早期康复护理的重要性 2
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 3
第二章 早期康复护理的实施方法 5
2.1 康复护理团队组建 5
2.2 康复护理方案制定 5
2.3 康复护理技术应用 6
第三章 早期康复护理的效果评价指标 8
3.1 生理功能改善评估 8
3.2 日常生活能力提升 8
3.3 心理状态变化分析 9
第四章 早期康复护理的影响因素及优化策略 11
4.1 影响康复效果的因素 11
4.2 护理质量控制措施 11
4.3 患者依从性提高方法 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
脑卒中是严重威胁人类健康的常见疾病，其高发病率、致残率和复发率给患者家庭及社会带来沉重负担。为改善患者预后，本研究聚焦于脑卒中患者早期康复护理的实施与效果评价。以某三甲医院神经内科2020年1月至2022年12月收治的300例脑卒中患者为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各150例，对照组接受常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上实施早期康复护理干预，包括病情评估、体位管理、肢体功能训练、吞咽功能训练、语言功能训练等。通过 Barthel 指数、Fugl - Meyer 运动功能评定量表、NIHSS 评分等工具，在入院时、治疗1个月、3个月、6个月对两组患者进行评估。结果显示，观察组患者在各个时间点的 Barthel 指数、Fugl - Meyer 评分均显著高于对照组，NIHSS 评分显著低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。这表明早期康复护理能有效提高脑卒中患者的生活自理能力，改善运动功能，减轻神经功能缺损程度。本研究创新性地将早期康复护理全面系统地应用于脑卒中患者，并对其效果进行了多维度量化评价，为临床护理工作提供了科学依据，有助于优化脑卒中患者的护理模式，提高护理质量，促进患者早日康复回归社会。
关键词：脑卒中；早期康复护理；Barthel指数；Fugl-Meyer量表
Abstract
Stroke is a common disease that seriously threatens human health, and its high incidence, disability rate, and recurrence rate impose a heavy burden on patients' families and society. To improve patient prognosis, this study focused on the implementation and evaluation of early rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients. A total of 300 stroke patients admitted to the neurology department of a tertiary hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as research subjects and divided into an observation group and a control group of 150 cases each according to a random number table method. The control group received routine care, while the observation group underwent early rehabilitation nursing interventions based on routine care, including condition assessment, position management, limb function training, swallowing function training, and speech function training. The Barthel Index, Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment Scale, and NIHSS scores were used to evaluate both groups at admission, and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment. The results showed that the Barthel Index and Fugl-Meyer scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at all time points, while the NIHSS scores were significantly lower, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). This indicates that early rehabilitation nursing can effectively enhance the self-care ability of stroke patients, improve motor function, and reduce the degree of neurological impairment. This study innovatively applied a comprehensive and systematic early rehabilitation nursing approach to stroke patients and conducted multidimensional quantitative evaluations of its effects, providing scientific evidence for clinical nursing work, which is conducive to optimizing the nursing model for stroke patients, improving nursing quality, and promoting their early recovery and reintegration into society.
Keywords：Stroke；Early Rehabilitation Nursing；Barthel Index；Fugl-Meyer Assessment
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 脑卒中早期康复护理概述 2
1.1 脑卒中患者特点分析 2
1.2 早期康复护理的重要性 2
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 3
第二章 早期康复护理的实施方法 5
2.1 康复护理团队组建 5
2.2 康复护理方案制定 5
2.3 康复护理技术应用 6
第三章 早期康复护理的效果评价指标 8
3.1 生理功能改善评估 8
3.2 日常生活能力提升 8
3.3 心理状态变化分析 9
第四章 早期康复护理的影响因素及优化策略 11
4.1 影响康复效果的因素 11
4.2 护理质量控制措施 11
4.3 患者依从性提高方法 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
