摘 要
随着制造业竞争日益激烈，精益生产作为提高企业运营效率和竞争力的重要手段受到广泛关注。本文聚焦于运营管理中精益生产的实施问题及对策研究，旨在探讨精益生产理念在我国制造企业的应用现状、面临的主要障碍及其解决路径。通过对国内外相关文献的系统梳理，结合对15家典型制造企业的实地调研数据，采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法，深入分析了当前我国企业在推行精益生产过程中存在的管理认知不足、流程优化困难、员工参与度低以及信息化支撑薄弱等关键问题。研究结果表明，要成功实施精益生产，必须从转变管理思维入手，建立全员参与的持续改进机制，强化信息技术支持，并注重跨部门协作。本研究创新性地提出了基于“人-机-料-法-环”五要素的精益生产综合评价体系，为评估和提升企业精益管理水平提供了科学依据。该体系不仅能够帮助企业识别内部管理短板，还为企业制定针对性改进措施提供了理论指导，对推动我国制造业转型升级具有重要现实意义。
关键词：精益生产 运营管理 制造企业
Abstract
As competition in the manufacturing sector intensifies, lean production has garnered significant attention as a critical approach to enhancing operational efficiency and competitiveness. This study focuses on the implementation issues and countermeasures of lean production in operations management, aiming to explore the current application status, major obstacles, and solutions for lean production in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. By systematically reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, and integrating field survey data from 15 representative manufacturing enterprises, this research employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to thoroughly analyze key challenges such as inadequate managerial cognition, difficulties in process optimization, low employee participation, and weak information technology support encountered by Chinese enterprises during the implementation of lean production. The findings indicate that successful implementation of lean production requires initiating changes in managerial thinking, establishing a continuous improvement mechanism involving all employees, strengthening information technology support, and emphasizing inter-departmental collaboration. Innovatively, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation system for lean production based on the five elements of "people, machine, material, method, and environment," providing a scientific basis for assessing and improving enterprise lean management levels. This system not only helps enterprises identify internal management deficiencies but also offers theoretical guidance for formulating targeted improvement measures, holding important practical significance for promoting the transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry.
Keyword:Lean Production Operations Management Manufacturing Enterprise
目 录
引言 1
1精益生产实施的理论基础 1
1.1精益生产的概念与起源 1
1.2精益生产的核心理念 2
1.3精益生产在运营管理中的意义 2
2精益生产实施的主要问题 3
2.1企业认知偏差的影响 3
2.2组织结构的适应性挑战 3
2.3员工参与度不足的问题 4
3精益生产实施的关键对策 4
3.1提升企业管理层的认知水平 4
3.2优化组织结构与流程设计 5
3.3加强员工培训与激励机制 5
4精益生产实施的效果评估 6
4.1构建评估指标体系 6
4.2实施效果的数据分析 7
4.3持续改进的策略建议 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
