未成年人侵权责任的法律规制 -法学专业

摘要

随着社会的发展，未成年人侵权事件频发，给社会带来诸多挑战，研究未成年人侵权责任的法律规制具有重要的现实意义。本研究旨在深入探讨未成年人侵权责任相关法律问题，以期为完善我国未成年人侵权责任制度提供理论支持。通过对国内外相关法律法规、司法判例进行系统梳理，并结合问卷调查与访谈等实证研究方法，分析了当前我国未成年人侵权责任法律规制存在的问题，如监护人责任界定模糊、学校等教育机构的责任承担不明确等。在此基础上，提出构建科学合理的未成年人侵权责任分担机制，强调监护人应承担首要责任，同时明确学校等教育机构在特定情形下的补充责任。创新性地引入风险预防理念，主张从源头上减少未成年人侵权行为的发生，不仅关注事后责任追究，更重视事前预防措施的建立，为未成年人健康成长创造良好环境，这有助于弥补现有法律体系在这方面的不足，对促进未成年人权益保护和维护社会稳定有着积极意义。

关键词：未成年人侵权责任监护人责任教育机构责任

Abstract

With the development of society, incidents of torts committed by minors have become increasingly frequent, posing numerous challenges to society. Research on the legal regulation of tort liability for minors holds significant practical importance. This study aims to thoroughly examine legal issues related to tort liability for minors in order to provide theoretical support for improving China’s legal fr amework governing such liabilities. By systematically reviewing relevant domestic and international laws and judicial precedents, and employing empirical research methods such as surveys and interviews, this study analyzes existing problems in China’s current legal regulation of tort liability for minors, including ambiguous definitions of guardians’ responsibilities and unclear liability attribution for schools and other educational institutions. Based on these findings, the study proposes the establishment of a scientifically sound and reasonable mechanism for sharing tort liability among minors, emphasizing that guardians should bear primary responsibility while clarifying supplementary liability for schools and other educational institutions under specific circumstances. Innovatively, it introduces the concept of risk prevention, advocating for reducing the occurrence of tortious acts by minors at the source. It stresses not only post-incident liability but also the importance of establishing preventive measures beforehand, thereby creating a favorable environment for the healthy growth of minors. This approach helps address deficiencies in the existing legal system and contributes positively to the protection of minors’ rights and the maintenance of social stability.

Keyword:Minor's Tort Liability Guardian Responsibility Educational Institution Liability

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3研究方法与思路 2

2未成年人侵权责任的理论基础 2

2.1未成年人行为能力界定 2

2.2归责原则的适用分析 3

2.3法律责任的特殊性探讨 3

3未成年人侵权责任的具体规制 4

3.1监护人责任的法律规定 4

3.2学校及其他机构的责任 5