摘 要：随着教育改革的推进，批判性思维在小学语文阅读教学中的重要性日益凸显。本研究旨在探讨小学语文阅读教学中批判性思维培养的有效策略，以提升学生的思维品质和阅读能力。通过对国内外相关文献的梳理，结合对多所小学的实地调研与课堂观察，采用问卷调查、访谈及案例分析等方法，深入探究当前小学语文阅读教学中批判性思维培养的现状、问题及成因。研究发现，现行教学模式存在重知识传授轻思维训练、教师引导不足等问题。为此，提出构建以问题为导向的教学设计、营造民主开放的课堂氛围、强化文本细读与多元解读、注重学生质疑精神的培养等策略。本研究创新性地将批判性思维理论与小学语文阅读教学实践相结合，为一线教师提供具体可操作的教学建议，有助于推动小学语文阅读教学从单纯的知识传授向思维能力培养转变，促进学生全面发展。
关键词：批判性思维；小学语文阅读教学；思维品质培养
Abstract：As educational reforms continue to advance, the importance of critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading instruction has become increasingly prominent. This study aims to explore effective strategies for fostering critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading teaching to enhance students' cognitive quality and reading proficiency. By reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, and combining field research and classroom observations in multiple primary schools, this study employs methods such as questionnaire surveys, interviews, and case analysis to thoroughly investigate the current status, issues, and causes concerning the cultivation of critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading instruction. The findings reveal that the existing teaching model tends to emphasize knowledge transmission at the expense of critical thinking training and suffers from insufficient teacher guidance. In response, this study proposes strategies including designing problem-oriented teaching plans, creating a democratic and open classroom atmosphere, strengthening close reading and multiple interpretations of texts, and focusing on nurturing students' questioning spirit. Innovatively integrating critical thinking theory with the practice of elementary Chinese language reading instruction, this study offers concrete and operational teaching recommendations for frontline educators, facilitating the transformation of elementary Chinese language reading instruction from mere knowledge transmission to the cultivation of thinking skills, thereby promoting the comprehensive development of students.
引言 1
一、批判性思维与小学语文阅读教学 1
(一)批判性思维的内涵与特征 1
(二)小学语文阅读教学现状分析 2
(三)批判性思维培养的重要性 2
二、批判性思维培养的教学目标设定 3
(一)确定合理的教学目标 3
(二)教学目标与课程标准对接 3
(三)目标设定对学生发展的影响 4
三、批判性思维培养的教学策略实施 4
(一)问题导向式教学设计 5
(二)多元文本对比阅读方法 5
(三)引导学生进行深度思考 6
四、批判性思维培养的效果评估 6
(一)构建科学的评价体系 6
(二)评估指标的选择与应用 7
(三)教学效果的反馈与改进 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：批判性思维；小学语文阅读教学；思维品质培养
Abstract：As educational reforms continue to advance, the importance of critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading instruction has become increasingly prominent. This study aims to explore effective strategies for fostering critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading teaching to enhance students' cognitive quality and reading proficiency. By reviewing relevant literature both domestically and internationally, and combining field research and classroom observations in multiple primary schools, this study employs methods such as questionnaire surveys, interviews, and case analysis to thoroughly investigate the current status, issues, and causes concerning the cultivation of critical thinking in elementary Chinese language reading instruction. The findings reveal that the existing teaching model tends to emphasize knowledge transmission at the expense of critical thinking training and suffers from insufficient teacher guidance. In response, this study proposes strategies including designing problem-oriented teaching plans, creating a democratic and open classroom atmosphere, strengthening close reading and multiple interpretations of texts, and focusing on nurturing students' questioning spirit. Innovatively integrating critical thinking theory with the practice of elementary Chinese language reading instruction, this study offers concrete and operational teaching recommendations for frontline educators, facilitating the transformation of elementary Chinese language reading instruction from mere knowledge transmission to the cultivation of thinking skills, thereby promoting the comprehensive development of students.
Keywords: Critical Thinking；Primary School Chinese Reading Instruction
引言 1
一、批判性思维与小学语文阅读教学 1
(一)批判性思维的内涵与特征 1
(二)小学语文阅读教学现状分析 2
(三)批判性思维培养的重要性 2
二、批判性思维培养的教学目标设定 3
(一)确定合理的教学目标 3
(二)教学目标与课程标准对接 3
(三)目标设定对学生发展的影响 4
三、批判性思维培养的教学策略实施 4
(一)问题导向式教学设计 5
(二)多元文本对比阅读方法 5
(三)引导学生进行深度思考 6
四、批判性思维培养的效果评估 6
(一)构建科学的评价体系 6
(二)评估指标的选择与应用 7
(三)教学效果的反馈与改进 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
