摘 要
本研究基于中国家庭金融调查数据，运用分位数回归和结构方程模型，系统考察了收入差距扩大对社会消费结构的影响机制。研究发现，收入差距的持续扩大导致社会消费结构呈现显著分化：高收入群体在奢侈品、教育投资和健康医疗等领域的消费占比不断提升，而低收入群体的基本生活支出占比则相对固化。通过构建"收入-消费-储蓄"理论框架，本文揭示了收入差距影响消费结构的双重路径：一方面通过直接改变不同收入阶层的边际消费倾向，另一方面通过社会比较效应间接影响居民的消费决策。实证结果表明，收入差距每扩大1个百分点，高收入群体的非必需消费品支出增加0.8%，而低收入群体的必需品支出仅增加0.2%。
关键词：收入差距 消费结构 分位数回归
Abstract
Based on the data of Chinese Household Finance survey in this study, quantile regression and structural equation model are used to systematically investigate the influence mechanism of widening income gap on social consumption structure. The study found that the continuous widening of income gap leads to a significant differentiation in social consumption structure: the proportion of high-income groups in luxury goods, education investment and health care is increasing, while the proportion of basic living expenditure of low-income groups is relatively fixed. By constructing the theoretical fr amework of "income-consumption-savings", this paper reveals the dual path of income gap affecting the consumption structure: on the one hand, it directly changes the marginal consumption propensity of different income classes, on the other hand, it affects residents' consumption decision indirectly through the social comparison effect. The empirical results show that for every 1 percentage point increase in the income gap, high-income groups increased by 0.8%, while low-income groups only increased by 0.2%.
Keyword: income divide consumption structure quantile regression
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究方法与思路 1
2收入差距扩大的现状与特征 2
2.1收入差距的测度方法与趋势分析 2
2.2不同收入群体的消费能力差异 3
2.3区域间收入差距的空间分布特征 3
3收入差距对消费结构的影响机制 4
3.1边际消费倾向的群体差异分析 4
3.2消费升级与消费分化的双重效应 5
3.3社会阶层固化对消费结构的长期影响 5
4收入差距扩大下的消费结构演变趋势 6
4.1必需品与非必需品的消费比例变化 6
4.2服务型消费的增长特征与制约因素 6
4.3新型消费模式的兴起与发展前景 7
5结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
本研究基于中国家庭金融调查数据，运用分位数回归和结构方程模型，系统考察了收入差距扩大对社会消费结构的影响机制。研究发现，收入差距的持续扩大导致社会消费结构呈现显著分化：高收入群体在奢侈品、教育投资和健康医疗等领域的消费占比不断提升，而低收入群体的基本生活支出占比则相对固化。通过构建"收入-消费-储蓄"理论框架，本文揭示了收入差距影响消费结构的双重路径：一方面通过直接改变不同收入阶层的边际消费倾向，另一方面通过社会比较效应间接影响居民的消费决策。实证结果表明，收入差距每扩大1个百分点，高收入群体的非必需消费品支出增加0.8%，而低收入群体的必需品支出仅增加0.2%。
关键词：收入差距 消费结构 分位数回归
Abstract
Based on the data of Chinese Household Finance survey in this study, quantile regression and structural equation model are used to systematically investigate the influence mechanism of widening income gap on social consumption structure. The study found that the continuous widening of income gap leads to a significant differentiation in social consumption structure: the proportion of high-income groups in luxury goods, education investment and health care is increasing, while the proportion of basic living expenditure of low-income groups is relatively fixed. By constructing the theoretical fr amework of "income-consumption-savings", this paper reveals the dual path of income gap affecting the consumption structure: on the one hand, it directly changes the marginal consumption propensity of different income classes, on the other hand, it affects residents' consumption decision indirectly through the social comparison effect. The empirical results show that for every 1 percentage point increase in the income gap, high-income groups increased by 0.8%, while low-income groups only increased by 0.2%.
Keyword: income divide consumption structure quantile regression
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3研究方法与思路 1
2收入差距扩大的现状与特征 2
2.1收入差距的测度方法与趋势分析 2
2.2不同收入群体的消费能力差异 3
2.3区域间收入差距的空间分布特征 3
3收入差距对消费结构的影响机制 4
3.1边际消费倾向的群体差异分析 4
3.2消费升级与消费分化的双重效应 5
3.3社会阶层固化对消费结构的长期影响 5
4收入差距扩大下的消费结构演变趋势 6
4.1必需品与非必需品的消费比例变化 6
4.2服务型消费的增长特征与制约因素 6
4.3新型消费模式的兴起与发展前景 7
5结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
