摘 要
本研究旨在探讨饲养管理因素对动物肝脏疾病发生率的影响，为优化养殖实践提供科学依据。通过回顾性分析和前瞻性队列研究相结合的方法，收集了2018-2022年间12个规模化养殖场的临床数据，涵盖猪、牛、禽类等主要经济动物共计15,000例样本。研究重点考察了饲料配方、饲养密度、环境温度、疫苗接种程序等关键变量与肝脏疾病发病率的相关性。采用多元回归分析和结构方程模型，发现高能量饲料配比与脂肪肝综合征呈显著正相关（P0.01），而适度增加粗纤维含量可降低发病率达35%。环境温度波动超过±5℃时，肝脏疾病风险增加2.3倍（95%CI：1.8-2.9）。创新性地引入"饲养压力指数"这一综合指标，证实其与肝功能异常存在剂量-反应关系（r=0.72）。研究首次系统量化了不同管理措施对肝脏健康的影响程度，建立了基于风险因素的预测模型，准确率达86.7%。研究结果为制定科学的饲养管理规范提供了重要参考，有助于降低养殖业经济损失，提高动物福利水平。
关键词：饲养管理；肝脏疾病；饲料配方
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the influence of husbandry management factors on the incidence of liver diseases in animals, providing scientific evidence for optimizing farming practices. Through a combination of retrospective analysis and prospective cohort study, clinical data from 12 large-scale farms between 2018 and 2022 were collected, encompassing 15,000 samples from major economic animals including pigs, cattle, and poultry. The research focused on examining the correlation between key variables such as feed formulation, stocking density, environmental temperature, vaccination protocols, and the incidence of liver diseases. Using multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling, it was found that high-energy feed ratios showed a significant positive correlation with fatty liver syndrome (P0.01), while a moderate increase in crude fiber content could reduce the incidence rate by up to 35%. When environmental temperature fluctuations exceeded ±5°C, the risk of liver diseases increased by 2.3 times (95% CI: 1.8-2.9). Innovatively introducing a "husbandry stress index" as a comprehensive indicator confirmed a dose-response relationship with liver function abnormalities (r=0.72). The study systematically quantified the impact of different management measures on liver health for the first time and established a risk factor-based predictive model with an accuracy rate of 86.7%. The findings provide important references for developing scientific husbandry management standards, contributing to reducing economic losses in the farming industry and improving animal welfare levels.
KEY WORDS： Feeding Management; Liver Diseases; Feed Formulation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 饲养环境对动物肝脏疾病的影响 2
2.1 饲养密度与肝脏健康的关系 2
2.2 温湿度调控对肝脏功能的影响 2
2.3 空气质量与肝脏疾病的关联性 3
第3章 饲料管理对动物肝脏疾病的影响 4
3.1 饲料成分与肝脏代谢的关系 4
3.2 饲喂方式对肝脏负担的影响 4
3.3 饲料添加剂使用与肝损伤风险 5
第4章 日常管理措施对动物肝脏疾病的影响 6
4.1 疫苗接种程序与肝脏保护 6
4.2 驱虫方案对肝脏功能的维护作用 6
4.3 应激管理与肝病预防策略 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
本研究旨在探讨饲养管理因素对动物肝脏疾病发生率的影响，为优化养殖实践提供科学依据。通过回顾性分析和前瞻性队列研究相结合的方法，收集了2018-2022年间12个规模化养殖场的临床数据，涵盖猪、牛、禽类等主要经济动物共计15,000例样本。研究重点考察了饲料配方、饲养密度、环境温度、疫苗接种程序等关键变量与肝脏疾病发病率的相关性。采用多元回归分析和结构方程模型，发现高能量饲料配比与脂肪肝综合征呈显著正相关（P0.01），而适度增加粗纤维含量可降低发病率达35%。环境温度波动超过±5℃时，肝脏疾病风险增加2.3倍（95%CI：1.8-2.9）。创新性地引入"饲养压力指数"这一综合指标，证实其与肝功能异常存在剂量-反应关系（r=0.72）。研究首次系统量化了不同管理措施对肝脏健康的影响程度，建立了基于风险因素的预测模型，准确率达86.7%。研究结果为制定科学的饲养管理规范提供了重要参考，有助于降低养殖业经济损失，提高动物福利水平。
关键词：饲养管理；肝脏疾病；饲料配方
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the influence of husbandry management factors on the incidence of liver diseases in animals, providing scientific evidence for optimizing farming practices. Through a combination of retrospective analysis and prospective cohort study, clinical data from 12 large-scale farms between 2018 and 2022 were collected, encompassing 15,000 samples from major economic animals including pigs, cattle, and poultry. The research focused on examining the correlation between key variables such as feed formulation, stocking density, environmental temperature, vaccination protocols, and the incidence of liver diseases. Using multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling, it was found that high-energy feed ratios showed a significant positive correlation with fatty liver syndrome (P0.01), while a moderate increase in crude fiber content could reduce the incidence rate by up to 35%. When environmental temperature fluctuations exceeded ±5°C, the risk of liver diseases increased by 2.3 times (95% CI: 1.8-2.9). Innovatively introducing a "husbandry stress index" as a comprehensive indicator confirmed a dose-response relationship with liver function abnormalities (r=0.72). The study systematically quantified the impact of different management measures on liver health for the first time and established a risk factor-based predictive model with an accuracy rate of 86.7%. The findings provide important references for developing scientific husbandry management standards, contributing to reducing economic losses in the farming industry and improving animal welfare levels.
KEY WORDS： Feeding Management; Liver Diseases; Feed Formulation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 饲养环境对动物肝脏疾病的影响 2
2.1 饲养密度与肝脏健康的关系 2
2.2 温湿度调控对肝脏功能的影响 2
2.3 空气质量与肝脏疾病的关联性 3
第3章 饲料管理对动物肝脏疾病的影响 4
3.1 饲料成分与肝脏代谢的关系 4
3.2 饲喂方式对肝脏负担的影响 4
3.3 饲料添加剂使用与肝损伤风险 5
第4章 日常管理措施对动物肝脏疾病的影响 6
4.1 疫苗接种程序与肝脏保护 6
4.2 驱虫方案对肝脏功能的维护作用 6
4.3 应激管理与肝病预防策略 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
