摘要
本文致力于研究水体中重金属离子的高效去除与回收技术，以应对日益严峻的水体重金属污染问题。绪论部分首先概述了水体重金属污染的现状及其对人类健康和生态环境的潜在危害，强调了重金属去除与回收技术研究的重要性和紧迫性。同时，文章综述了国内外在该领域的研究现状，为本文的研究提供了背景和基础。在重金属离子吸附材料研究方面，本文对比分析了传统吸附材料的性能，并探索了新型纳米复合材料和生物质基吸附剂的制备与应用，为重金属离子的高效吸附提供了新材料和技术支持。进一步地，文章深入研究了重金属离子分离技术，包括膜分离技术的原理与应用、电化学分离方法的效能评估以及离子交换树脂的再生利用，为实现重金属离子的有效分离提供了多种可行的技术方案。此外，本文还着重探讨了重金属资源化回收技术，设计了合理的重金属回收工艺，并优化了电沉积法的回收效率，同时对经济性较高的化学沉淀法进行了评估，为重金属离子的资源化利用提供了科学依据和技术路径。
关键词：功能化纳米复合材料；重金属去除；资源回收
Abstract
This article is dedicated to researching efficient removal and recovery technologies for heavy me tal ions in water bodies to address the increasingly severe problem of heavy me tal pollution in water bodies. The introduction section first outlines the current situation of heavy me tal pollution in water bodies and its potential harm to human health and the ecological environment, emphasizing the importance and urgency of researching heavy me tal removal and recovery technologies. At the same time, the article summarizes the current research status in this field both domestically and internationally, providing background and foundation for the research in this article. In the research of heavy me tal ion adsorption materials, this article compares and analyzes the performance of traditional adsorption materials, and explores the preparation and application of new nanocomposites and biomass based adsorbents, providing new materials and technical support for efficient adsorption of heavy me tal ions. Furthermore, the article delves into the separation technology of heavy me tal ions, including the principles and applications of membrane separation technology, the efficiency evaluation of electrochemical separation methods, and the regeneration and utilization of ion exchange resins, providing multiple feasible technical solutions for achieving effective separation of heavy me tal ions. In addition, this article also focuses on exploring the technology of heavy me tal resource recovery, designing a reasonable heavy me tal recovery process, optimizing the recovery efficiency of electrodeposition method, and evaluating the economically efficient chemical precipitation method, providing scientific basis and technical path for the resource utilization of heavy me tal ions.
Keywords：Functionalized Nanocomposites; Heavy me tal Removal; Resource Recovery
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）水体重金属污染现状与危害 1
（二）重金属去除与回收技术研究意义 1
（三）国内外研究现状分析 1
二、重金属离子吸附材料研究 3
（一）传统吸附材料的性能分析 3
（二）新型纳米复合材料的制备 3
（三）生物质基吸附剂的开发与应用 4
三、重金属离子分离技术研究 5
（一）膜分离技术的原理与应用 5
（二）电化学分离方法的效能评估 5
（三）离子交换树脂的再生利用 6
四、重金属资源化回收技术研究 7
（一）重金属回收工艺设计原理 7
（二）电沉积法回收效率优化 7
（三）化学沉淀法的经济性评估 8
结 论 10
本文致力于研究水体中重金属离子的高效去除与回收技术，以应对日益严峻的水体重金属污染问题。绪论部分首先概述了水体重金属污染的现状及其对人类健康和生态环境的潜在危害，强调了重金属去除与回收技术研究的重要性和紧迫性。同时，文章综述了国内外在该领域的研究现状，为本文的研究提供了背景和基础。在重金属离子吸附材料研究方面，本文对比分析了传统吸附材料的性能，并探索了新型纳米复合材料和生物质基吸附剂的制备与应用，为重金属离子的高效吸附提供了新材料和技术支持。进一步地，文章深入研究了重金属离子分离技术，包括膜分离技术的原理与应用、电化学分离方法的效能评估以及离子交换树脂的再生利用，为实现重金属离子的有效分离提供了多种可行的技术方案。此外，本文还着重探讨了重金属资源化回收技术，设计了合理的重金属回收工艺，并优化了电沉积法的回收效率，同时对经济性较高的化学沉淀法进行了评估，为重金属离子的资源化利用提供了科学依据和技术路径。
关键词：功能化纳米复合材料；重金属去除；资源回收
Abstract
This article is dedicated to researching efficient removal and recovery technologies for heavy me tal ions in water bodies to address the increasingly severe problem of heavy me tal pollution in water bodies. The introduction section first outlines the current situation of heavy me tal pollution in water bodies and its potential harm to human health and the ecological environment, emphasizing the importance and urgency of researching heavy me tal removal and recovery technologies. At the same time, the article summarizes the current research status in this field both domestically and internationally, providing background and foundation for the research in this article. In the research of heavy me tal ion adsorption materials, this article compares and analyzes the performance of traditional adsorption materials, and explores the preparation and application of new nanocomposites and biomass based adsorbents, providing new materials and technical support for efficient adsorption of heavy me tal ions. Furthermore, the article delves into the separation technology of heavy me tal ions, including the principles and applications of membrane separation technology, the efficiency evaluation of electrochemical separation methods, and the regeneration and utilization of ion exchange resins, providing multiple feasible technical solutions for achieving effective separation of heavy me tal ions. In addition, this article also focuses on exploring the technology of heavy me tal resource recovery, designing a reasonable heavy me tal recovery process, optimizing the recovery efficiency of electrodeposition method, and evaluating the economically efficient chemical precipitation method, providing scientific basis and technical path for the resource utilization of heavy me tal ions.
Keywords：Functionalized Nanocomposites; Heavy me tal Removal; Resource Recovery
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）水体重金属污染现状与危害 1
（二）重金属去除与回收技术研究意义 1
（三）国内外研究现状分析 1
二、重金属离子吸附材料研究 3
（一）传统吸附材料的性能分析 3
（二）新型纳米复合材料的制备 3
（三）生物质基吸附剂的开发与应用 4
三、重金属离子分离技术研究 5
（一）膜分离技术的原理与应用 5
（二）电化学分离方法的效能评估 5
（三）离子交换树脂的再生利用 6
四、重金属资源化回收技术研究 7
（一）重金属回收工艺设计原理 7
（二）电沉积法回收效率优化 7
（三）化学沉淀法的经济性评估 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
