家兔病毒性出血症的分子生物学特征 -动物医学专业

摘要

家兔病毒性出血症是一种由杯状病毒科病毒引起的急性、高度致死性传染病，对全球养兔业造成严重威胁。本研究旨在系统解析RHD病毒的分子生物学特征，为疾病防控提供理论依据。通过高通量测序技术对分离自不同地区的RHDV毒株进行全基因组测序，结合生物信息学分析，揭示了病毒基因组的结构特征和进化规律。研究发现，RHDV基因组呈现典型的杯状病毒结构特征，包含3个开放阅读框，其中ORF1编码非结构蛋白，ORF2和ORF3分别编码主要衣壳蛋白VP60和次要衣壳蛋白VP10。通过系统发育分析发现，RHDV可分为6个基因型，其中G1-G4为主要流行株系，G5和G6为新发现的变异株系。进一步的功能研究表明，VP60蛋白的抗原表位区域存在显著变异，这可能是导致疫苗免疫失败的重要原因。

关键词：家兔病毒性出血症；RHDV基因组；杯状病毒

MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE IN RABBITS

ABSTRACT

Rabbit viral hemorrhamia is an acute and highly fatal infectious disease caused by caliciviridae virus, which poses a serious threat to the global rabbit breeding industry. The aim of this study is to systematically analyze the molecular biological characteristics of RHD virus and provide theoretical basis for disease prevention and control. The whole genome of RHDV strains isolated from different regions was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the structural characteristics and evolutionary rules of the virus genome were revealed by bioinformatics analysis. It was found that the RHDV genome presents typical calicivirus structural characteristics and contains three open reading fr ames, in which ORF1 encodes non-structural proteins, ORF2 and ORF3 encodes major capsid protein VP60 and minor capsid protein VP10, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RHDV could be divided into 6 genotypes, among which G1-G4 was the main prevalent strain and G5 and G6 were the newly discovered mutant strains. Further functional studies showed that there were significant variations in the epitope region of VP60 protein, which may be an important cause of vaccine immunization failure.

KEY WORDS：Rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease; RHDV genome; calicivirus

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 2

1.1 研究背景及意义 2

1.2 家兔病毒性出血症分子生物学研究现状 2

1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2

第2章家兔病毒性出血症病毒的基因组特征 4

2.1 病毒基因组结构与功能分析 4

2.2 主要编码蛋白的分子特性 4

2.3 病毒基因组的进化与变异规律 5

第3章家兔病毒性出血症病毒的复制机制 6