摘 要
本研究旨在探讨冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后心脏康复护理的实践效果与经验总结。随着冠心病发病率的上升，PCI术后的康复护理成为改善患者预后的关键环节。研究选取2021年1月至2022年12月期间在某三甲医院接受PCI治疗的120例冠心病患者作为研究对象，采用随机分组法将患者分为实验组和对照组各60例。实验组实施为期6个月的个性化心脏康复护理方案，包括运动训练、心理干预、营养指导和药物管理等多维度干预措施；对照组则采用常规护理模式。通过比较两组患者的心功能指标、生活质量评分及不良心血管事件发生率，评估康复护理的效果。研究结果显示，实验组患者在6个月后左室射血分数显著提高（P0.05），生活质量评分明显优于对照组（P0.01），且主要不良心血管事件发生率降低35%。本研究的创新点在于构建了系统化的PCI术后心脏康复护理体系，并验证了其临床有效性。研究表明，基于循证医学的个性化心脏康复护理能够显著改善PCI术后患者的预后，提高生活质量，降低再入院率。这一实践为优化冠心病患者的长期管理提供了重要参考依据，具有显著的临床应用价值和社会效益。
关键词：冠心病;经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;心脏康复护理;个性化护理
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the practical effect and experience of cardiac rehabilitation nursing in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). With the increasing incidence of coronary heart disease, rehabilitation nursing after PCI has become a key link to improve the prognosis of patients. In this study, 120 patients with coronary heart disease who received PCI treatment in a top-three hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research ob jects, and the patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 cases each by random grouping method. The experimental group received individualized cardiac rehabilitation nursing program for 6 months, including multi-dimensional intervention measures such as exercise training, psychological intervention, nutritional guidance and drug management. The control group was treated with conventional nursing mode. The effects of rehabilitation nursing were evaluated by comparing the cardiac function index, quality of life score and incidence of adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups. The results showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction of the experimental group was significantly increased after 6 months (P0.05), the quality of life score was significantly better than that of the control group (P0.01), and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was reduced by 35%. The innovation of this study is to construct a systematic nursing system of cardiac rehabilitation after PCI and verify its clinical effectiveness. Studies have shown that individualized cardiac rehabilitation nursing based on evidence-based medicine can significantly improve the prognosis of patients after PCI, improve the quality of life, and reduce the readmission rate. This practice provides an important reference for optimizing the long-term management of patients with coronary heart disease, and has significant clinical application value and social benefits.
Keywords：Coronary heart disease; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Cardiac rehabilitation nursing; Personalized care
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 PCI术后心脏康复护理的理论基础 2
1.1 冠心病PCI术后的病理生理特点 2
1.2 心脏康复护理的核心概念与内涵 2
1.3 PCI术后康复护理的理论框架 3
第二章 PCI术后心脏康复护理的实践模式 4
2.1 早期康复护理的实施要点 4
2.2 运动康复训练的个性化方案 4
2.3 心理干预在康复护理中的应用 5
2.4 家庭-医院协同护理模式构建 5
第三章 PCI术后心脏康复护理的效果评价 7
3.1 生理功能恢复的评估指标 7
3.2 生活质量改善的评价体系 7
3.3 心理状态变化的追踪观察 8
3.4 再入院率与并发症的统计分析 8
第四章 PCI术后心脏康复护理的优化策略 10
4.1 基于循证医学的护理方案改进 10
4.2 多学科协作模式的深化应用 10
4.3 信息化技术在康复管理中的创新应用 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 15
